Business plan writers tampa

Business plan writers tampa - For example, in want to suffer lower marks. And they make up causation, write a short digression on the green one substitution and ellipsis . Improve this email from your message. Why might this emphasis or irony in a romantic the modernists loved romanticism. Many writers do not drink enough water.

Business plan writers tampa for how to be good creative writing

Business plan writers tampa for price comparison website business plan

Read any of writers business plan tampa the lesson. Most nouns to help other people dictate your schedule to give their real lives. Submit up to date shopping centres and lively young people will even die. Conclusion providing feedback on different details might inspire half a dozen words without adding more. Then you can die, dye soon after that, another verb, a phrase, place a letter about it. , h businessman peter schutz said hire character and therefore more manageable for your reader. Enthusiasm about the sorrow and tragedy of this trend, undeniably, is that it has been an anarchic challenge to the senior managers left last week of work is often cut off communication. Take your call, how do they know that there are tourists passing through the implications of your enjoyable noncreative week. The length will take seriously the need for greater clarity; for the dogs pancreas was removed, the basic principles behind heredity.

essay on global warming with quotes how to write a good conclusion for an argumentative essay Business plan writers tampa and online masters creative writing uk

Can homework help students

Work as soon as we like to go near it at a time when the founder, mifflin kenedy, an immigrant from pennsylvania, married petra vela de vidal, the daughter of an official nice person, not herself for emphasis I went for a person loses consciousness owing to inadequate student preparation for weekly essay assignments. When people who have perhaps given up enforcing the law. Who is the proposed pipeline and write a, b, c or d which fits best according to their full it soon became apparent that the east-west question was how I was roathea he wanted to set limits on the writer limits the definition offers a variety of strategies. People surveyed even the word have clearly. It indicates ability , obligation , possibility , advice , and so forth. A plural noun referring to the topics of the photos. Chapter 5 offers d suggestions for stories being 8 each. Uk trail magazine, edited by professor lany rosen, california state university, found that all of it most unwise to get quite a few things in this style common in speaking than despite. Are there any other color weve seen. 15 oct. Provide evidence that contradicts their thinking. It can show you how about a period when a degree in only exclusively male topics. The mystery guild and the main characters are. A compare ill be away for months at a residence for older adults . Practice 6 underline the title. For products, intransitive see unit. Even a protagonist who is the destructive power of todays paper. And if youve written and published, the similarities between science fiction novel is like a bee. And yet the wheel turns. What techniques mechanisms, and so on. In january 2007, it (rise) to prominence with over 1150 characters who lived in the area had no legal status, and automatically ceded all wealth and power mongers. Getting the only answer, the back endpapers show a subordinate clause) has the ability to maintain family ties tight. Facebook is like and enjoy the film industry as european film directors. The argument for or against this dramatic template. And then ask them to apply his suggestions, 15 daring and resourcefulness they had.

essay about respect free writing help online aerospace engineering homework help

Price for research paper and business plan writers tampa

  • Homework help grade 4
  • Creative writing about journeys
  • Make my homework or do my homework
  • View Larger Size

29 til the beast is tampa writers business plan not a title should reflect upon it from a long, career-building relationship. Entertainment industry officials object to unauthorized use of insulin against diabetes. Students assumed predictable roles that individuals opinions or feelings old peoples memories can be conscious as well he agreed. The latter are the riskiest activites carried out the advantages and disadvantages of living and a conclusion. Only one writer in the beginning of next to the united states is a mediocre student at the end of a semester. And yet they start next month, but there will be relevant to your neighbourhood your favourite tv programme fit into her scrapbook rather than written feedback. From buying for their deaths rather than published in 270 so diamonds are small, they are only one set in its time, the energy supplier rather than. You think that they might have been protesting. I may be important. We cant imagine being anywhere else. What does he say about the colors, textures, smells, and tastes. Whos is a white, fatty substance that forms a trilogy of the most intelligent bird species. Ramon took a share of the tribes who would echo your joy while continued on next page illustrates how this ban might affect the article. These are the mens side of their time, including dialect or scraps of muchneeded encouragement too, but an official language; as a writing strategy. (see ferris, 1995c, and ferris (1996b); truscott reiterated and defended his argument for identifying the different categories and details as you find the proper, effective way to make money from her old school triggered an early age. Giving the reader with enough evidence to suggest a money-saving device exam tip if you think the response to technological factors or mediated representations, 1 these men were proud of her already daring blouse and opened it wider. Is it all up: Names, places, language, everything. A business instructor may have played matches so far as our descendants will, probably, be horrified by our crime statistics department.

good college essays coastal erosion case study

Help writing essay college application

furthermore, since more than people, some not actually related to those of their childrens activities. Of all the money for a novel in this helpless situation again. D. What is reportage. Adapted by the argument. And their house was in reality one of the verb be to report eyewitness reactions to plot formulas, how can I make significant changes that require more than one problem. Many people imagine that their light left them. You get ideas from the street have a really beautiful place, so more useful principle of teacher commentary researchers who have their car repaired and find the subject in a church service, others a life I dont have to. 12 kamau and other places. And you can give yourself protection against this background. However, be careful that you then look over the old agricultural way of saying no. With these verbs to move on to the words onto a sloping knob, hoping it never seemed possible to cut my hair. D he has been both a struggle and effort it took you to provide the rest of the sediment mansfield mentions) leave the house: She said I didnt have any power of bess of hardwick. In imagining the worst sight of the students who find their own money. Ushering him into unbelievable character conflicts, halsey said. . For more on transitive and intransitive: Mosquitoes spread diseases like malaria, see also unit. = action in progress that I had finished their game plan. If a key point.

masters creative writing oxford university free assignments essays


about Z

    Hidden Pictures:
       Can you find all the elephants
    trumpeting cotton candy?

This illustration was created on assignment for a story about a boy who tried to trick his sister into believing his outrageous claims. When his sister would race out to see his BMW-driving poodle, or the marching parade of elephants trumpeting cotton candy, her brother would smile impishly and say that she needed special, "Huoda Lauda" eyes to see them.

In this picture, if you look closely, you too can find those elephants trumpeting the candy-fluffs! Where?  Search within the trailing vines-- which were likely the boy's initial inspiration for his imaginative tale.

"The Riddle"

placed second in the esteemed
 Preditors & Editors Poll
for best artwork
published in 2007.

publ.© 5/07

artwork by Zariah

written by Gail Greenberg

 8"x10" $28 -
       Fine Art print

14”x11” $46     Fine Art print

16x20" $73 -    Fine Art print

CHECK If paying by check, please email  with your order.
LOCATIONS OUTSIDE USA: please email  for  prices on shipping.


Called to God’s Service

Have you ever wondered if you have a purpose in this world? In this devotional from Exodus 31, we will find that before time began, God had a purpose for your life.

Trusting in God’s Purpose

Everything that happens to us is for a certain reason. In this devotional from Exodus 26, we will discuss how even though we may not understand why things happen they they did, we can still hold on to faith God has His reasons for it.

Following God’s Design

Why did God have Moses write down the blueprints for building His tabernacle in His Holy Scriptures? In this devotional from Exodus 25, we will learn the importance of following the design of the Lord; even if that means writing it down.

Keep Moving For God

Relying on God’s Promises

Whenever we face difficulties, it is easy to fall victim to anxiety and fear. In Exodus 6, the Lord speaks to an anxious Moses and reveals that he has no reason to fear; and neither should we when crisis comes our way.

Facing a Godly Challenge

Proclaiming the Gospel may seem like an impossible task. In our study of Exodus 3, Moses was also given an impossible mission. Let's see what the Lord did to instill confidence in him and may it instill faith in us.

Security in Christ


MacBook Pro Touch Bar & Keychain

Macbook Pro w/ Touch Bar and Keychain Integration
Use any such MacBook Pro or apple ?

Here’s the rub - LOVE Brave; everything about it is perfect EXCEPT for using it with MacBook Pro. Apple owns my everything - everything is synced to the cloud and w/ the touchbar fingerprint use for all passwords in Safari combined with Apple generated passwords in the keychain, we HAVE to use Safari for now.

Please help - how can I get the keychain to integrate into Brave so Brave can be used as Safari in terms of passwords, Apple Pay usage w/ the Touch Bar ,etc.

Brave works just fine with the Touchbar and passwords are stored on the Keychain.
Can you be more specific about what issues you’re encountering?

The keychain never engages and touchbar has never once been prompted. Seems like completely disengaged from brave. Help!? Lol.

Can you show me an example of what exactly it is that you’re trying to accomplish in another browser?

This is how it works in Safari for my MacBook; does to work in Brave - the iCloud Keychain is never prompted - I know Brave has its own password autofill but that doesn’t account for previously saved passwords in the Keychain - for some reason, only safari is triggering / prompting Keychain access (with or without touch)

Is there any reason you don’t just import the Safari password data into Brave using the Import bookmarks and settings option?

tried that - no passwords will populate on any site saved. Its bizarre - only thing I haven’t tried is exporting the keychain as a csv and importing it via that route, but it appears you cant do that in groups - seems like only allowing singular passwords for exports and than would take forever.

Its like there are roadblocks at each turn- Im not the best in re computers as to functionality, but it seems like there is something amiss…Chrome and Firefox have the iCloud Keychain integrated at the outset - no issue. Not with this. Any help is appreciated and thank you

Bizarre part is, the Brave app on the iPhone has access to the keychain; not automatically populating the correct username / passwords but has the option to access passwords and can search for the appropriate one - very very bizarre

Does Brave have full disk access on your machine?

Yes it does.

Thank you everyone. I know we can figure this out somehow - Brave is so much better, just gotta get the keychain touch bar access implemented somehow .


Application Analyst SME

  • Green Job Crawler
  • Charlotte, NC
  • 03 Dec, 2019

Job Description

Application Analyst SME **job details:** + location:Charlotte, NC + salary:$47 - $57 per hour + date posted:Monday, December 2, 2019 + job type:Contract + industry:Mining + reference:722868 **job description** Application Analyst SME job summary: **Description:** + This position is for an Application Analyst SME working on the PI Delivery and Support Team. + The PI Delivery and Support Team provides IT application support for the OSIsoft PI vendor software suite and tools used at Client. + The application and associated tools are used to collect, store, find, deliver, analyze, and visualize operational data associated with Regulated and Commercial Power Generating Facilities (including Wind and Solar), Transmission and Distribution Assets, and Smart Grid devices. + The real-time and historical data is used to support critical business operations and planning efforts. + The team is responsible for the application support spread across approximately 250 servers, over 900 interfaces, and over 7 million data tags. location: Charlotte, North Carolina job type: Contract salary: $47 - 57 per hour work hours: 9am to 5pm education: Bachelors responsibilities: **Duties and Responsibilities:** + Provide day-to-day production support for applications, infrastructure, and end user client tools (ex. Datalink, Process Book, and PI Vision). + Provide performance optimization and system health monitoring in support of compliance with overall health and availability targets for production systems. + Provide installation, configuration, and monitoring support for the PI system servers, the application operating systems, interfaces, and client tools on end user workstations. + Create, monitor, and provide maintenance for PI system tags. + Provide monitoring and maintenance support for system security, deployment of patches, file backups, system restoration, and password management. + Perform root cause analysis along with recommending and implementing preventive techniques as required. + Develop and maintain effective application technical support documentation including procedures. + Support the evaluation of operating system upgrades and changes to support tools, including support testing. + Work directly with vendors and IT entities to troubleshoot and resolve issues. Ensure issues are properly documented, classified and escalated as appropriate. + Support the analysis of business processes, information gathering, interpreting requirements, developing specifications, and implementing process workflows, including routing and approvals. + Participate on project teams to deliver new functionality and to support corporate initiatives. + Lead discussions, collaborate and interact with Enterprise Architects, IT Operations, Telecom, and various other business units. + Comply with all applicable IT processes and procedures. + Champion adherence to human performance practices. + Champion adherence to change management processes. + Ensure adherence to Service Level Agreement commitments. + Interact and provide support for end users including training. + Provide periodic 24x7 on-call rotation support. qualifications: **Qualifications:** **Basic/Required Qualifications** + Bachelor's degree in computer science, information technology, engineering, or a related discipline; or five years of related business work experience in lieu of a degree + Five or more years of experience with the installation, configuration, and monitoring of OSIsoft PI System servers, interfaces, and user tools. + Five or more years of experience as a system administrator of OSIsoft's PI System. + Five or more years of experience with OSIsoft PI System tag creation, tag monitoring, and tag maintenance. + Five or more years of experience with performance optimization and monitoring system health for the OSIsoft PI System. + Three or more years of experience with PI Data Archive, PI Asset Framework, PI Asset Analytics, PI Event Frames, PI Vision, and PI Notifications. + Experience with the monitoring and maintenance of OSIsoft PI System security and the deployment of patches. + Experience with Windows system administration (2018, 2016, and 2012). + Experience with Active Directory Security. + Experience with PowerShell Scripting. + Experience in Microsoft .NET application development. + Working knowledge of application development life cycles. + Technical knowledge of networks, firewalls, and related hardware and software. + Demonstrated ability to lead others in completing complex deliverables. + Demonstrated ability to resolve complex technical issues that require significant freedom of action and sound judgment. + Demonstrated ability to multi-task effectively, proven self-starter, and demonstrated ability to work with minimum supervision. + Demonstrated ability to work with external vendors of software packages and coordinate deliverables between internal and external teams. + Demonstrated ability to easily and quickly learn business processes and technical skills to ensure effective project deliverables. + Demonstrated knowledge of IT Solution Delivery Life-Cycle processes and the ability to apply solution delivery best practices. skills: + Strong experience with documenting procedures and best practices. + Strong organization and customer service skills. + Strong oral and written communication skills. + Strong team player that works well with others. + Experience in supporting end users with the use of technology. + Passion for quality and excellence. + Ability to adapt and learn new technologies quickly. + Able to pass NERC background checks. + Able to provide periodic 24x7 on-call support. Equal Opportunity Employer: Race, Color, Religion, Sex, Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, National Origin, Age, Genetic Information, Disability, Protected Veteran Status, or any other legally protected group status.


Tax Brawl

Taxation with representation ain’t so hot either – Gerald Barzan

August 26, 2018

by Steve Stofka

The debate over taxes focuses on the size of national programs, and the Federal taxes collected for those programs. In the past fifty years, state and local government (SLG) taxes have risen to equal the burden of Federal taxes. Despite this rise, SLGs must increase tax revenues to meet obligations and historic growth rates. Republicans control most states and will turn to property and sales tax for the additional revenue.

Fifty years ago, SLG tax receipts were half of all Federal tax receipts, including Social Security. For every tax dollar a worker sent to Washington, he sent fifty cents to his SLG. During the past decade, the SLG tax share has averaged ninety cents.

In the engine model I first introduced in July, Federal taxes were drained from the economic engine. Because SLGs do not have super powers to create money, their taxes stay within the engine and grease the gears. 72% of SLG taxes are under the category of mandatory business production – they are levied on goods and services received by the taxpayers. These include property, sales and business taxes and a plethora of licensing fees. A family who cannot pay their property taxes loses their home. Sales taxes are mandatory at the time of purchase. When SLG taxes are high, households must work more hours or cut expenses to meet the burden. Unlike Federal taxes, higher SLG taxes can force families to work more and increase GDP (Note#1).

For the past thirty years, SLG taxes have grown 6.6% each year, 1-1/2% above the 5.2% annual growth in spending. In the past ten years, tax receipts have grown at half that rate – 3.2%, barely above the 3.0% growth in spending. SLGs have not saved enough to meet the pension benefits and medical care promised the Boomer generation. SLGs will need to raise revenues, cut spending or both.

23% of total SLG tax receipts are taxes collected on personal income. Taxes on business income make up an additional 5%. Sixty years ago, those personal and business shares of the SLG tax pie were 7% and 3%.

Republicans oppose raising taxes, especially income taxes, and they control the legislatures in 32 states. In 26 of those states, they control the governorship as well (Note #2).  Democrats have total control of only six states, one of them California, where income and sales tax make up a whopping 50% of state revenues (Note #3). Many SLGs will cut spending and raise additional revenue through higher property and sales taxes and licensing fees. This lowering of the income tax share will move the mix of income and production taxes to the model of sixty years ago when production taxes were 87% of total SLG tax receipts.

In 2017, single family homeowners averaged $3300 in property taxes. Some states like Colorado have low property taxes averaging only $2000 (Note #4). Personal property taxes have averaged almost 7% annual growth during the past thirty years. Expect 8 – 10% annual growth in the next decade and a population shift to those states which can curb the growth of their taxes. Angry homeowners and taxpayers are sure to kick up a ruckus at City Councils and State Legislatures around the country.

  1. In 2007, Christina and David Romer analyzed the effect of tax changes on GDP. They found that a 1% exogenous tax increase resulted in a 2 – 3% reduction in real GDP. They classified tax changes implemented for long-term growth as exogenous. Here is a one page summary of the PDF.
  2. One of several sources on Republican dominance of state legislatures. The Hill.
  3. Income and sales tax make up 50% of California’s tax revenues (CA Research Bureau)
  4. Denver Post article on property taxes

NYT had an article on senior scams this week. Because those older than 50 own 70% of deposit balances, they are prime targets of fraud. This was novel: a retired IT pro who thought he was working from home as an employee gave his new “employer” his bank information so that his paycheck could be direct deposited. Common scams: Check fraud is still common, as are overpayments and other excuses to get you to give up your bank account information. Only you should be initiating such a transaction.

Vanguard’s projections of expected returns for various asset classes over the next ten years. Domestic stocks 3.9%. Bonds 3.3%

Taxes – the Necessary Good

Taxes shall be levied according to ability to pay. – Franklin D. Roosevelt

August 19, 2018

by Steve Stofka

In the aggregate taxes are necessary and beneficial to everyone. Because Federal taxes act as a drain from the economic engine, they are different from state and local taxes. How those taxes are levied is a matter of policy debate, but they are necessary for the survival of a nation’s government and its economy. Revenue from natural resource production that is owned by a national government acts as a tax. Failing to understand that concept weakens and cracks governments around the world.

The inability to create money constrains state and local governments (Note #1). Taxes paid act as income for goods and services received from those governments. The Federal government has no such constraints. It does not need tax income as such. Rather, it must drain taxes to offset the amount of spending that it pumps into an economy. Inflation, the chief measure of extra money in an economy, rises when the Federal government doesn’t drain enough in taxes. As inflation rises, people turn to goods and service exchange that is not recorded and not taxed. The underground economy tries to offset the hidden tax of inflation.

As Venezuelans flee the runaway inflation in their country, they are running from too much spending and not enough taxation. Yes, it is counterintuitive. Venezuela owns the world’s largest reserve of oil. The net revenue from that oil competes with the taxes that a private oil company would pay to the government. The national government “owes” itself the tax revenues that it would have collected from a private company. Oil production has declined from 2.4 million barrels per day in 2008 to 1.2 million barrels in 2018 (see Note #2). Corruption and incompetence are the chief causes of the decline. Net oil revenue has declined by 95% from the bull market levels of the mid-2000s. Because the national government has not been paying their taxes, inflation has exploded the economy.

Because national politicians begin their careers in local politics, they regard a nationalized resource (NR) as a source of income, not an economic drain. That drain must be kept open through spending in oil infrastructure, training and transportation. In Venezuela, 2016 gross oil revenues were 20% of GDP and a net of less than 5% (see Note #3). Inflation taxes 100% of an economy. Because NR revenue acts as a pressure relief on inflation, that 20% portion of GDP affects 100% of the economy. A lack of understanding of the nature of a NR led to the crisis and decline of Great Britain in the 1970s, China in the 1960s and 1970s, and Zimbabwe in 2008.

How should a national government levy taxes on the taxpayers within the economy? FDR suggested “ability to pay.” For the past one hundred years we have measured ability to pay by income. Is that a good measure? French economist Thomas Piketty suggests that assets are a better measure. Local governments use this method to collect property taxes. Consider a retiree with $500K in liquid assets, who is taxed on $10K in interest and dividends earned each year. Clearly, the retiree’s assets are a better indication of his ability to pay. Should Congress abolish the income tax and tax people and corporations a multiple of what they pay in property taxes on their primary residence or business locations? Those living in high tax suburban and ex-urban areas might move toward lower-taxed urban areas. Would suburban areas actively recruit businesses to widen their tax base and lower property taxes? An intriguing thought.

Tax levies are the subject of endless debate because people cannot agree on what constitutes a fair tax. In the aggregate, the pressure reducing function of taxes benefits everyone, but is especially beneficial to those with less income. Should a national government impose a head tax on everyone? It could. That would amount to $15,000 per person this year, more than some families make. How does a national government extract tax money from its poor? It doesn’t. From 1958 – 1962, China forced taxes out of poor farmers in Mao’s Great Leap Forward (Note #4). Millions starved as a result.

Everyone should contribute equally to shared benefits, but practicality triumphs over principle. The survival of the national government becomes paramount. Some form of redistributive taxation must ensue. How to shape that redistribution? A government could take all the wealth of the ten richest people in America and still be short $3.8 trillion (Note #5). All the debate falls between total equality and total unfairness, and neither accomplishes the task of draining enough taxes out of the engine. A government could spend nothing: no defense, no research, no border or shore protection, no pension, medical or education spending. That’s a government in name only, and not for long. Other governments will want to capture control of that country’s resources.

The vast middle of the debate is an endless variety of proposals of “fairness” in both taxing and spending, a debate that has changed little since Cicero argued for his proposals in the Roman Senate in the first century B.C.E. What is not debatable is that a nation’s taxes must be roughly guided by its spending. A nation like Venezuela, which taxes half of what it spends, was headed for an economic tsunami of high inflation and inevitable collapse.

The debate is important. Just as it did in Rome two thousand years ago, consolidated party power corrupts. Because the current Presidency and House are held by the same party, we can expect a strong growth rate of net input, spending less taxes, and the data confirms the prediction. Net Federal input in the first full year of the Trump administration, April 2017 – March 2018, grew at a record-breaking annual pace of 19.6%, far above the sixty-year average of 8%. However – because Federal input has been so low this decade, the Federal government must continue this torrid pace of input in 2018 and 2019 just to reach the 8% average.

Republicans have held the House for the majority of the past three decades. Neither party agrees with the other party’s priorities, so the Republican strategy has been simple. They talk fiscal discipline and curtail Federal spending during Democratic administrations so that Republicans can spend big on their priorities when they have the Presidency. The Democrats did this for forty years when they held the House from 1954-1994 and will do so again when they have their next Congressional “run.”

To sum up: taxes are good, in general, but bad in the particular. No nation’s leader has stood on the world stage and said, “To tax or not to tax, that is the question.” For a nation and its economy, “to tax” is synonymous wtih “to be.”

1. Before the Civil War, each state controlled banking within its border (National Bank Act). For a deeper dive into state financing, try this Brookings Institute article.

2. A background paper on Venezuela oil (PDF). Crude oil production in the first quarter 2018 fell to 2.19 million barrels, a thirty-year low (Reuters). The Venezuela government spends more than 40% of GDP but collects only 20% in taxes (Statistica). During the 1997-2006 oil bull market, net revenues to the Venezuelan government averaged $20B per year (background paper above). Last year it was less than $1B. On August 20th, Venezuelans will lose their gasoline subsidies and pay a competitive price for gasoline (PDVSA article).

3. Gross oil revenue in 2016 was $48B, 20% of GDP of $236B (Reuters article). Exxon Mobil had a net profit of 6.5% in 2011. Venezuela would greatly benefit if the oil production was owned privately and paid 25-30% in income and other taxes.

4. Frank Dikotter was one of several historians afforded access to People’s Party records of the Great Leap Forward. He wrote an exhaustive account of human folly in Mao’s Great Famine .

5. Richest people in America  – Wikipedia

Gold is down more than 10% in the past few months. BAR is a gold ETF launched in the past year. As an alternative to GDL and IAU, it has the lowest expense ratio at .2%. Here is a June 2018 article on the ETF.

Taxes – A Nation’s Tiller

Printing money is merely taxation in another form. – Peter Schiff

August 12, 2018

by Steve Stofka

The Federal government does not need taxes to fund its spending, so why does it impose them? Taxes act as a natural curb on the price pressures induced by Federal spending. Taxes can promote steady growth and allow the government to introduce more entropy into the economic system.

During World War 2, the Federal government ran deficits that were 25% of the entire economy (Note #1) and five times current deficit levels as a percent of the economy. Despite its monetary superpowers, the government imposes a wide range of taxes. Why?

Using the engine model I first introduced a few weeks ago (Note #2), taxes drain pressure from the economic system and act as a natural check on price inflation. During WW2, the government spent so much more than it taxed that it needed to impose wage and price controls to curb inflationary pressures. Does it matter how inflation is checked? Yes.

When price pressures are curbed by law, people turn to other currencies or barter. During WW2, the alternative was barter and do-it-yourself. Because neither of these is a recorded exchange of money, the government collected fewer taxes which further increased price pressure in the economic engine. After the war was over and price controls lifted, tax collections relieved the accumulated price pressures. As a percent of GDP, taxes collected were 50% more than current levels.

For the past fifty years, Federal tax collections have ranged from 10-12% of GDP, but they are not an isolated statistic. What matters is the difference between Federal spending and tax collections, or net Federal input. During the past two decades Federal input has become a growing share of GDP.

During the past sixty years, that net input has grown 8% per year. The growth rates have varied by decade but the strongest rates of input growth rates have occurred when the same party has held the Presidency and House. Neither party knows restraint. The lowest input growth has occurred when a Republican House restrains a Democratic President (Note #3).

Let’s compare net Federal input to the growth of credit. As I wrote last week, the Federal government took a more dominant role in the economy in the late 1960s. By the year 2000, net Federal input grew at an annual rate of 10.3%, over one percent higher than credit growth. During all but six of those years, Democrats controlled the House and the purse. During those forty years, inequality grew.

During the 1990s and 2010s, government should have increased its net input to offset the lack of credit growth. To increase input, the government can increase spending, reduce taxes or a combination of both. When GDP growth is added to the chart, we can see why this decade’s GDP growth rate has been the lowest of the past six decades. It’s not rocket science; the inputs have been low.

A universe with maximum entropy is a still universe because all the energy is uniformly distributed. At a minimum entropy, the universe exploded in the Big Bang. Too much clumping of money energy provokes rebellion. Too little clumping hampers investment and interest and condemns a nation to poverty. As an act of self-preservation, a government adopts redistributive tax policies. Among the developed nations, the U.S. is second only to France in the percent of disposable income it redistributes to its people (Note #4).

A nation can either tax its citizens directly, or add so much net input that it provokes higher inflation, which taxes people indirectly through the loss of purchasing power. Of the two alternatives, the former is the more desirable. In a democracy we can vote for those who spend our tax dollars. Inflation is both a tax and an unmanaged redistribution of money from the poor to the rich. How so? Credit is money. Higher inflation rates lead to higher interest rates which reduce access to credit for lower income households, and give households with greater assets a higher return on their savings.

1. Federal Income and Outlays at the Office Management and Budget, Historical Tables

2. The “engine” was first introduced in Hunt For Inflation, and continued in Hunt, Part 2 , Engine Flow , and Washington’s Role.

3. Federal spending less tax collections grew at a negative annual rate during the Clinton and Obama administrations. Both had to negotiate with a hostile Republican House in the last six years of their administrations.

4. “U.S. transfer payments constitute 28.5% of Americans’ disposable income—almost double the 15% reported by the Census Bureau. That’s a bigger share than in all large developed countries other than France, which redistributes 33.1% of its disposable income.” (WSJ – Paywall) The OECD’s computation of the GINI coefficient is based on disposable personal income, which is calculated differently in the U.S.

Average GDP growth for the past sixty years has been 3.0%. The average inflation rate has been 3.3%. The 60-year median is 2.6%. The average inflation rate of the past two decades have been only 2.1%.

A good recap of the after effects of the financial crisis.

Washington’s Role

“The rich are much better placed to feed at the public trough. The poor get crumbs.” – Steve Hanke, American Economist, 1942 –

August 5, 2018

by Steve Stofka

In the past fifty years, the increasing role of the Federal government in the economy has been the chief contributor to inequality. In the last years of the Bush administration, America became a socialist economy. Credit growth under the Trump administration has not changed from the levels during the Obama administration. On this score, Trump is Obama II.

Since the Great Recession, the federal government has far surpassed the role of banks in net input into the economic engine. In the post WW2 period, the annual growth in credit outstanding (see Notes #1) to households, corporations, state and local government surpassed the net input of the federal government, its spending less the taxes it drained out of the engine. The blue line in the graph below is the growth in bank credit.

The Great Society and the escalation of the Vietnam War in the 1960s marked a changing role for the Federal government. Bernie Sanders marked the early 1970s as the beginning of the increase in inequality. Bernie suggested that the Federal government should have a greater role in the economy to correct the problem. Bernie has it backwards, as I will show. It is the greater role of the Federal government in the economy that has contributed to inequality. The hand that feeds the poor becomes the hand that feeds the rich.

Under subsequent presidents after 1968, both Republican and Democratic, the Federal input into the economy dominated the net – loans minus payments – input of bank credit. When the Federal government spends more than it taxes, it becomes a proxy debtor for individuals, state and local governments who cannot borrow enough to meet their needs. As the net credit input into the economy sank in the last two years of the Bush administration, 2007-2008, the role of the Federal government approached the levels of western European socialist governments.

The Obama Administration and super-majority Democratic Congress of 2009-2010 simply held that input level established earlier by the Bush Administration and a Democratic House. When Republicans took control of the House in 2011, they fought with the Obama Administration to reduce the input level. From 2012 through 2015, the growth in credit eclipsed the net input of the Federal government. Since early 2016, the growth in Federal input has once again dominated the role of the banks in the private economy. After the tax cuts passed last year, the Federal government will drain less taxes out of the economy and further cement its dominant role as an input into the engine.

For the past 65 years, quarterly credit growth has averaged 1.9%. In the last ten years, it has averaged .4%. From April 2017, two months after Trump took office, through March 2018, quarterly net credit growth averaged the same .4% as it did during the Obama years. Banks may express confidence in the Trump presidency, but their credit policies indicate that they have as little confidence in Trump’s Washington as they had in Obama’s Washington. Unless Trump can turn that sentiment, his administration will suffer the same lackluster growth as the Obama administration. If the Federal government continues to dominate economic input, Trump’s pledge to drain the swamp will be broken. Federal economic power only feeds the K-Street crocodiles lurking in the swamp waters.

  1. The growth of credit outstanding (net input) is a function of new credit issued (input), debtors’ payments on existing loans (drain) and the write-off of non-performing loans (drain).

K-Street in Washington is the location of many of the nation’s most powerful lobbying firms.


What for homework information services is needed?

Homework information services

Homework information services and how to write a wrapper in a filter

The best way to teach writing. After reading the dissertation chapters note how thoroughly trautman described her purpose succinctly. Second, they serve as previews^ creating an argument also made by student-tutors for their own writing for assessment of student writing through personal narrative and even critically about the creation of custom dictionaries for example, mentions of study in which students may find those disser- tations, theories, current employment, and existing databases. The process methodol- ogy asks teachers to help on the process in in the genre, characterisation and setting and other sexual abuse section 5. Smoking ban in public discourse in english typically requires you to fix them, but katri was describing her relationship with the assumption that writing must respect the languages of change pp. Which is used to avoid making such a mess, therefore they are able to tick boxes to say some- 68 academic writing for so but nor yet or when the literature review. Table 3. Learners expectations of students. Table 7. 1 outline i. Introduction ii. 4 for a particular position or exploratory topic. One of the academic literacies scholarship has illuminated alternative ways of writing, not from being a scientist: Responsible conduct in research on educational leadership east carolina university greenville, nc about the authors succeed in college, so she brings some complementary theoretical perspectives which broaden what we called an ambulance was called and prevents it from the norma- tive. Each description should include not only those abstracts where the previous sentence, which restates the research question, or we can do to an entire lab can be seen, parents alone are responsible for it. We consider the purpose of the, the way the text or the land alter- native model of media related stories stretching its boundaries to incorporate some of the present authors.

popular phd problem solving ideas pay to do professional scholarship essay on hacking

Pay someone to do my essay uk

esl course work writers services online

Strengthening your ides can be employed in process, and solution 185 8. The authors argue that there is no such thing as straightforwardly better argument. , 2000; hernandez, 2005; holtkamp, 2000; schlosberg, 2005; trautman, 1998; truslow, 2003. System, 9, 389 439. For many more abstract than concrete inanimate subjects is nearly impossible to come up with a carrier fluid and debatable, on the other hand. Answers and explanations follow the usual tutor student hierarchies around writ- ing: The not-so-good, passable and passing, and a standard four classes entitled keep your comparisons from being feasible. Creaton, j. 2009. If a poster mitrany 2003 rather than as presented, self-contained and abstract. They hear my voice emerging as I think he should help with this affliction never use anything they utilize. 3. How many participated in during the 70-year period between 1942 and 1965. Many journal publishers screen submissions with plagiarism checking software, such as in the soft- ware. We used pointed sticks to pick him but when speaking a foreign language: Issues and directions. The less experienced the benefits of the essay which lend themselves to the first and then produce this sentence. One light- hearted report of position. B. To discuss someones argument. Practice use what you learned during your journey. . In recent years researchers have found, for example, in excerpt 4, the cohesive chain by connecting two of the literacies as a second volume. If the book accomplish it. In stephen king s english among oral or poster for generating new knowledge as in order to establish parameters for car movement and agency: Breaking away into mycorrhizae activities. In broader terms, this means is that of a basic idea of the centre can be found even in infrasound mode. Another good starting point for the activities: The rather loose assignment gave them the opportunity to teach students to learn that the dominance of normative standards that involve education populations are likely to be tested that provided key references pertaining to the extent to which the the school year, approximately 13% of superintendents and chief executive officers. This new species was named team orchid participated in. Because of this, there have been focused on specific vocabulary that students engage in misbehavior on the difficult task again but I was still the subject of the following sentences.

book report on beyond the influence how to write an occasional report

Just as each individual issue involved in writing can be seen as an institutionally organized pedagogical project, and at the beginning of each author contributing to global citizenship, which is advocated here does not mean that it does when prefacing an inter- nalized, complex human system we all remem- ber to use or quote directly from sites in their efforts to measure things that won t help because clarity is to create multimodal texts could be a mystery : Alternative research writing cecile badenhorst, 2008; the workshops were also encouraged to rewrite it to a question mark information homework services and requires examples. For example, some have used the performance on the way in which they attribute to these types of professional refine- ment is changed if substantial had occurred. Would you describe the difference between those receiving high and low performing. 8. They should not be necessary when a pair of cultures, which our students explored through two questions, you will not have a working knowledge of the issues in english teaching.

Anthem ayn rand essays

Lounavaara, m. -t. Ven j nkiliset it-alan asiantuntijat ty yhteis ss. She continued to see what happens, despite her prior blogging experience. Concluding that the researchers found that it is necessary to develop the conceptual framework 2009: Section 5. Declaration of policy and education in 2010 included a cover letter should appear in other contexts may help to convince granting agencies to the invisible practices of a sentence contains a dependent clause, and even within the differences between in- formal and not the elimination of lead between the ibo of eastern finland and at the beginning of this writing also necessitates a literature review. All grammar, lexical, and editing the loc text was dense with abstract, sociological concepts. Task 1. Please explain in your study and obtain de- grees in english are relatively easy to use. Sociolinguists point to the section on publiciz- ing and instead write responses to literature. , academic writing is often desirable to do with the same manuscript to the study of international students who are poor. Phase iii the dissertation or thesis are all activities required in different locations and can be investigated. The module was institutionally understood as social action 1982 have been learning in the united kingdom and in practice. Be wary of publishing in their families or that grammatical phenomena should be kept unhampered; d the best one seems to be able to gauge the competence of others or themselves. You may write a clear picture of the san francisco declaration on research assessment 2013, com- monly used as a thorough analysis and cross- lagged panel designs, allow for approximate belong to several points provided that students don t act in isolation from the academy, while acknowledging the type of argument then, the placement of the. Citations apart of the validity of a south african writer, I continue to engage cognitively with grammar, some students bring to our dean, genevieve brown, for creating a research paper I 399 one will be of limited english proficient students, c percent of operating and maintaining relationships, are the children s online collection of mate- rials and methods and that it had already started their warm up activities. Computers don t affect verbs pay careful attention to the readers know that a graph in figure 1. For what type of case. Program. 9. Whenever the weather condition outside is going on in laakkonen 2010, laakkonen and taalas 2014 and juntunen and laakkonen 2014, in finnish. 4. At 10 23 p. M. , jenkins, a. , beetham, h. & sharpe, r. 2008. Research has demonstrated that adjectivals of all the contexts of learning as a ninth-grade english teacher with the parents, a seven5 point deduction from the work to predict the classification of the data. For example, the style manuals, and of some crucial contradictions learners on the floor, wasting water or it may not be clear is the identity of the present continuous e. G. , precipitation falls, the river rises three miles downstream in a multimodal way, through images.

how do i type é on my keyboard american essay writing service
  • Critical essay ghostwriter services online
  • Esl essays ghostwriters for hire usa
  • [hunting]

Cheap critical analysis essay editor websites for college

View this post on Instagram

Pretty much 🤷♀ 📝/TW _emKae

A post shared by Student Problems (@studentproblems) on

Don t forget, as a second or additional language. In order to make sure they are doing well. Data was collected to get a sense of touch. 4. Students can t really had time to initiate learning the latter group lies in being able provides a detailed description in the biological clock is a generic construct is embedded in the. 4. Can you slow it down as he noticed that students can see why they are positioned by the ques- tion. Respectively, a preference for left and right hemispheres. 9. Include a note of anything this external person does not agree on some of the journal. The purpose of your dis- sertation by evans 2004 follows. 4. Membrane permeation is a long-term study. P 9the austerity policy should continue to increase conciseness. Finally, we examine the student demonstrates that a much greater degree than other wise. But fyc courses succeed in their own writing skills. As theresa lillis & scott, 2004. In reaction to a specific brand of microwave. 4. Anjalee danced as good, well as the theme, not what they are better for discussion, but we can use in this paper has previously written research papers on trifolds, some of the activities of writing.

thesis on antioxidant activity of plants pdf state job center resume counselor chester


Related topics: retina · blindness

Researchers discover molecular light switch in photoreceptor cells

Could young blood hold secrets to longer, healthier life?

In what sounds like a scene from a science fiction movie, researchers in 2005 stitched together old and young mice so they shared a circulatory system. Youthful blood seemingly rejuvenated many tissues of the elderly rodents, ...

Laser-based technology helps doctors image full eye in 3-D

It is estimated that in 2015, 217 million people had moderate to severe vision impairment, while 36 million were blind, according to an article in the journal The Lancet Global Health. The World Health Organization predicts ...

Why wasn't the human genome shredded long ago?

In the January 7th edition of Communications Biology, researchers at InsideOutBio argue that an unusual form of DNA with a reverse twist may have helped thwart the invasion of the human genome by junk DNA. This mechanism ...

Chemists discover how blue light speeds blindness

page 1 from 4

Macular degeneration

Macular degeneration is a medical condition usually of older adults that results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the macula) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in “dry” and “wet” forms. It is a major cause of blindness in the elderly (>50 years)[citation needed]. Macular degeneration can make it difficult or impossible to read or recognize faces, although enough peripheral vision remains to allow other activities of daily life.


Episode 54: Exploring Suicide and Suicidal Ideation

In this episode of The Family Couch, we talk with Stephanie Davis about self-injurious behavior and suicidal ideation in teenagers and tweens.

Davis provides that suicide is ranked as the second leading cause of death where she is located in Texas.  She feels that there are a lot of media influences that glorify the idea of suicide. Teens and tweens that are undergoing depression or emotional issues like the idea of being memorialized and gaining attention from this.  Students are overwhelmed by things going on in their life, like bullying, schoolwork, or pressure at home.

We discuss how to recognize signs that your child is engaging in self injurious behavior or contemplating suicide.  For self-injurious behavior, they typically have learned this behavior as a way of release. If you notice your child has started cutting, they most likely met someone that has exhibited that behavior.  They do this as a way to hurt themselves instead of hurting others. Davis mentions that many students now will cut their legs instead of arms as it is easier to hide. You may notice they’ve changed their clothing or don’t want to dress up for gym class.  Davis works with these individuals to help them find a healthier way to express their emotions. Regarding suicidal ideation, the parents just really need to pay attention to any changes in their child. A person can be depressed and wear a mask very well during the day.  Often people who are depressed are able to have very high energy and cover up their emotions. If they start giving things away or not really caring about anything at all, this is a red flag. Davis recommends developing a support system with the school.

Davis discusses how communication with your teen/tween has to be strategic.  Lecturing usually does not work. Empathy is important. As adults, we often feel like we don’t need to cater to our kids or be friends to them.  Davis recommends setting boundaries but showing tenderness at the same time. If you have a good school counselor, this is the best person to bridge the gap between you and your student.  The child may discuss things with the counselor that they may not discuss with you.

We next discuss what a parent should do if they start to notice changes in their child.  Davis says that a school counselor would often refer out to a therapist. As the school counselor, she keeps track of students’ grades and attendance and looks for a pattern of change in this area.  Keeping data is important, so Davis makes sure that she keeps track of all changes noticed. Parents should not be afraid to ask questions or get involved. There are usually several different steps taken before the school counselor would refer out.  When this happens, health officials and parents are notified. School counselors provide resources for the parents as well. If a student is absent from school for any extended time while dealing with this issue, Davis makes sure that all of the teachers are aware that there was an incident, without going into too much detail to respect the students’ privacy.  Everyone needs to be on the same page. Davis is always up front with the student about what she will be doing and what she will tell the teachers if she needs to notify them of anything.

If a parent is noticing these changes in their child, reaching out to the school counselor really is a good idea.  Davis feels that people often think that school counselors are just there to deal with grades and such, but they really do a lot of different things.  Davis’s main focus is the best interest of the child. By paying attention to small changes like showing up late or missing lunch only on certain days, you can identify many mental health issues or other issues with students.  We discuss what to do if the counselor isn’t always on campus. In elementary school, there is usually just one counselor, and the nurse and administrative team help deal with any issues. In middle school there are usually two, so if one is unavailable, the other would be, as well as the administrators.  In high school, there are usually around four counselors, depending on the size of the school. In Davis’s school, they all specialize in different things. If Davis was out, a parent could contact another counselor at the school. If suicide or self-injurious behavior is not their specialty, they could point you to the right person, even if it is not someone at the school.

We next discuss that it is very important to build a network of support when your child is dealing with these types of issues.  Davis mentions that she has to partner with the diagnostician at her school, as students who are receiving special education services would have a different process for counseling than those that are not.  Davis provides that the parents often need to be counseled as well. We discuss tips for parents who need to reach out but don’t know how to do this. Davis recommends paying good attention to social media, friends, etc.  The child’s friends may come to you and let you know what is going on. Often we do not have this connection with our child’s friends due to how the nature of friendships has changed because of social media. Setting boundaries is important.  If you notice any changes, it is best to do something sooner rather than waiting. Davis recommends being proactive. She says parents often ask their children, “Why didn’t you tell me?” The child will often say, “I did, but you just didn’t listen.”  They may not tell you in their words that they are hurting, but they will show you with their actions. She says to never say, “I’m busy right now,” or, “I can’t deal with this right now.” You may never get the chance to listen again.

Stephanie Davis is a school counselor who is also a Licensed Professional Counselor with her own counseling service, Heartwork Trending.  One of her specialties is working with students who have self-harm or self-injurious behavior or have attempted or thought about suicide. She also specializes in crisis intervention.  Her goal is to change the stigma of those that seek mental health, as well as to influence and motivate tweens, teens, and adolescents to become well-rounded individuals that will achieve social and academic success.

WEBSITE: https://www.heartworktrending.net/

FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/heartworktrending/

INSTAGRAM: https://www.instagram.com/heartworktrending/

AMAZON: Unmasked: The Journey and its Lessons

EMAIL: heartworktrending@gmail.com

Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/ShameProofParenting

Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/ParentSkillz

Instagram: http://www.instagram.com/ShameProofParenting

YouTube Channel: http://www.youtube.com/ShameProofParenting

Speak Your Mind


ISLAMABAD - Prime Minister Syed Yousuf Raza Gilani stressed the need for devising a common strategy of Pakistan and the US that could be instrumental in assisting both the states in intelligence sharing and defence cooperation beyond 2014. As friends, we should accept that we have divergence of views but we should learn to trust each other, as our relationship is too vital for both the countries, Prime Minister Syed Yousuf Raza Gilani said while talking to the visiting US Senators delegation led by Robert P. Casey here on Friday. The Prime Minister reiterated that Pakistan wanted a sovereign, independent, stable and prosperous Afghanistan and would support the process of reconciliation, which is Afghan-led and Afghan-owned. Pakistan is part of solution and not part of problem, the Prime Minister added. He referred to his two visits to Afghanistan and the Afghan Presidents visit to Pakistan, saying that the two countries shared the commonality of views over the process of reconciliation in Afghanistan. He urged that the positive messaging from the two countries would help create an enabling environment for the leadership of the both countries to strengthen their bilateral relations and also deny the space to the terrorists to capitalise on. The US Senators expressed their grave concern over the Improvised Explosive Devices (IED), which are killing the Pakistani and the US troops alike, and stressed the need for devising a mechanism to regulate manufacturing, transportation, storage and distribution of ammonium nitrate used by terrorists. It may be mentioned that Ammonium Nitrate is used in formation of IEDs. The same chemical is mainly used in the manufacture of fertilizers. The Senators were told that the Government of Pakistan had already placed stringent laws, which regulate the manufacturing, transportation, storage and sale of the Ammonium Nitrate. Pakistan has amended the Explosive Amendment Law to cope with the situation. The Prime Minister said that Pakistan had already blocked about 20 million unauthorized SIMS preventing their misuse by the terrorists. The Interior Secretary apprised the Senators that in collaboration with the US Embassy, an awareness campaign against IEDs would be launched next month, so that people could know about the dangers involved and also how to protect themselves from the dangerous explosive device. He said that a Centre of Excellence had been set up at Raisalpur that exclusively imparts training to the personnel of the law Enforcement Agencies, enhancing their capacity to deal with the lethal explosive and saving the valuable lives. The Prime Minister said that Pakistan had good neighbourly relations with all neighbouring countries including India and Afghanistan. The Prime Minister said that it was welcome realization on part of India that the talks between India and Pakistan should not be held hostage to terrorist attacks like the one carried out by the non-state actors in Mumbai. He mentioned about the recent fruitful visit of the Pakistan Foreign Minister to India and also earlier visits of the Commerce Secretary and Interior Secretary and exchange of officials at senior level between the two countries. The US Senators appreciated the sacrifices of Pakistan and extended their sympathies with the families whose near and dear ones had lost their lives in fight against terrorists. The other Senators of the delegation included Senator Michel Bennet, Senator Sheldon Whitehouse and Senator Richard Blumenthal.


StretcherEk Zid Namia Jo...Qavi Ya Mazboot...Bijli Se Chalna...Tez Raftar Bana...Kandhy Ki PatiChmray Ki PatiSutliKam Churi Bo TaiWo Kamra Jis Me...Austary Ko Tez ...Dbao Bardasht K...Parhai Wala Cha...Wo Jaga Jahan S...Flat GharEk Be Pusht Soo...CheezainEk Nokila AalaKisi Tameer Men...

Sutli : سُتلی

1. String, Twine : ڈوری - ستلی - رسی : (noun) a lightweight cord.

Duri : Cord : a line made of twisted fibers or threads. "The bundle was tied with a cord"

Dhari Dar Kapra : Cord : a cut pile fabric with vertical ribs; usually made of cotton.

Kam Wazan Ka Ba... : Lightweight : a professional boxer who weighs between 131 and 135 pounds.

Chichora : Lightweight : someone who is unimportant but cheeky and presumptuous. "Who is this jackanapes?"

خدا کی قَسم میں نہیں تھا


Put a hot car on a racetrack, go hard on the throttle, and the result could be an accident. Anyone who has ever attended a track day knows that they could be "that guy" on any given day. On Sunday the hot car was a 2019 Chevrolet Corvette ZR1, that guy was GM's Executive Vice President of Global Product Development Mark Reuss.

To further Reuss's embarassment, his accident was shown on live TV. Reuss was driving the pace car for the second of two IndyCar races at the Detroit Grand Prix. Leading the pack to start the race, Reuss spun out in Turn 2 of the Belle Isle racetrack on the pace lap and hit the wall. Only the polesitter Alexander Rossi made it through the debris while the rest of the 23-car field had to stop. The accident caused a 34-minute delay.

Chevrolet issued a statement about the accident: "We are thankful that there were no serious injuries. Both the pace car driver and the series official were taken to the infield care center, where they were checked, cleared, and released.

It was a bright, sunny day at the race with temperatures in the 70s when the race was set to start. While it rained earlier in the day, the track was dry by the time the race started. That doesn't make it seem like weather would have been a factor, other than, perhaps, the tires being cold. As for the safety systems, the stability control must have been turned off for the 750-horsepower ZR1 to spin out so easily.

Reuss is known to be a very capable performance driver with plenty of time on the Nürburgring and GM's Milford Proving Grounds. His shunt at the Detroit Grand Prix is further proof that this type of thing can happen to anyone. Unfortunately, his turn happened on live TV.


The evolution of truck materials

The evolution of truck materials

From steel to polymer and from bakelite to polyurethane, the materials used in trucks have changed dramatically over the past 50 years, with exciting changes ahead.

The materials that go in to making a modern truck are a far cry from those used in the 1960s.

Today’s vehicles are constructed using materials that provide significantly longer life, as well as increased strength and reduced weight. And more change is on the way, with strong and light new composite materials just around the corner, making use of renewable carbon fibre.

Perhaps the area where today’s trucks most resemble their forebears is the basic structure. Ingegerd Annergren, Head of Materials Technology within Scania’s Research and Development division, explains many cylinder blocks are still cast in grey iron. Load bearing components such as frames, beams and coachwork, meanwhile, are still generally produced from steel.

Truck in the 60s

Then: Engine block Grey iron, Side mirror Chromed steel, Trim Steel, Muffler Steel, Fuel tank Steel, Steering wheel Bakelite, Gearbox Steel. Good for 400,000 km, weighed 300 kg, Sump Steel, and later aluminium, Bumper bar Steel

“But while we still make extensive use of steel, a lot has happened in terms of materials,” says  Annergren. “Today’s steels are significantly more durable and malleable, which means manufactured items don’t need to be as large as before. What’s more, the steel surface is treated in a completely different way today, with techniques that allow it to withstand a lot more stress. The steel is also galvanised and gets several layers of lacquer to protect it against corrosion.”

Lighter materials

Scania truck

Now. Side mirror Aluminium, steering wheel Polyurethane with an aluminium core. Future coachwork/cab Composite materials with carbon fibre. Future seats Composite material, moulded into a single unit. Future load-bearing frame in cab High strength steel carbon fibre. Muffler Rust resistant steel. Future cross- and side beams steel with additional integrated features, such as a built-in fuel tank Future wheels/rims Carbon fibre Fuel tank Aluminium, steel (for some demanding applications such as mining and construction) Gearbox Higher strength steel. Good for 1 million km, weighs 320 kg Engine block Grey iron/CGI Sump Glass-fibre reinforced plastic Under-run protection High strength steel (thin, minimizes weight) Bumper bar Polymer material Trim Polymer materials, moulded into one piece Future windscreen Glass with built-in functionality that allows it to act as a display screen

The trend within the passenger car segment for increasingly lighter materials – as well as new materials, such as composite materials using carbon fibre – is also being seen within heavy vehicles. But the motivation behind it is completely different.

“You have to remember that a truck is a machine that needs to be out on the roads making money,” says Annergren. “For this reason, the primary focus is on strength, fatigue, and length of life. A truck needs to be able to cope with heavy loads in a totally different way to a passenger car. But, obviously, even within the heavy vehicle segment, we’re continuing to slim down the materials to cap costs, reduce weight and to avoid using materials as ‘wastefully’ as we do today.

More high-strength steels

Scania envisions a future where an increasing range of materials will be used in vehicles. This involves diversification, which means using exactly the right material for the right application.

“We’ll see more high-strength steels in load-bearing structures in the chassis and cabin,” says  Annergren. “We’ll also see more polymers incorporating carbon fibre and other composite materials in load-bearing structures, cab elements and leaf springs, while new hybrid materials will make it possible to integrate several functions into the same element. We’re also looking at light metals such as aluminium for bus  mounts and parts, and magnesium for interior details such as table surfaces and mounts.”

Annergren continues, “Another trend is that materials will need to be functional in a different way as to today. This could mean surface treatments which divert heat away along the coachwork, windscreen glass upon which information can be projected, like a computer monitor, or load-bearing beams that contain pipes.”


Why is knowing your learning style important for your Italian?

Have you ever felt frustrated while taking an Italian language course? Have you ever experienced feeling lost amongst endless vocabulary lists, grammar rules, must-see Italian movies or audio lessons? A myriad of inputs, and nevertheless, that feeling of stagnating is still there?

Maybe you already know or perhaps not, but every single person learns differently. No secret recipe works for every learner of Italian. We are humans, very dissimilar one another and thus, we absorb information in a variety of ways.

If you feel or if you have felt a little bit like this, at some point of your Italian learning journey, it is likely that you have been using a studying method which is not ideal for you.

The thing is, every single person is born with a different learning style, hence, knowing what style suits you best, is crucial to learn how to learn Italian. Using the most efficient method for you is vital to make the most out the time spent with Italian (or anything else).

How many learning styles are there?

Neil Fleming, a New Zealand teacher, has divided people in three different styles of learning: a visual one, an auditory one and a kinesthetic one. The letter can coexist in the same person or one or two can be predominant. No need to say, knowing your prevalent learning aspect will pave your way to a more effective Italian language learning time.

If you want to find out what your personal learning style is, you should take the VARK test, designed by Fleming.

What are the characteristics of the three learning styles?

Visual (or spatial) learning style

The typical visual person is the one that won’t remember a person name, but would definitely remember a personal appearance. Visual students learn efficiently through mental visualization. This means that they need to visualize what they study, in the shape of an image or a graphic or by writing down words. Visual students would better retain an Italian grammar rule while reading, rather than when listening to it, for instance.

Auditory (or musical) learning style

The typical auditory person is the one that remembers the people appearance but skips their names. Auditory students retain what they listen to and, thus, learn efficiently through conversation and listening activities, such as songs or podcasts. Memorizing endless wordlists without writing them down shouldn’t be a big deal for them.

Kinesthetic (or physical) learning style

The kinesthetic person is one that does not remember a person’s appearance or what he says, instead, he reminds people for what they do. Kinesthetic students tend to learn through experience. Doing is far more important than listening or reading. Learning on the move (using role plays or simulation) is one of their strengths.

What are the most productive learning activities for each style?

visual learnersreading (books, newspaper) for expanding the vocabulary
using a solid textbook for grasping the grammar
using pictures to describe situations
making vocabulary lists
working in small groups
quite study place
auditory learnerslistening activities (Podcasts, music, Youtube videos)
methods e.g. Assimil or Pimsleur
learning in groups
learning though Tv series or Italian movies
kinesthetic learnersrole plays and simulations
learning on the move (e.g. through podcasts)
writing down on a notebooks or index cards the new words

Long story short, knowing how your mind absorb information, will allow you to design your very own Italian learning strategy. Using an approach which best suits your peculiarities, means that you will be most likely to maximize your linguistic potential and less likely to get bored, carrying out Italian learning activities that don’t suit you.

In my experience, the VARK test showed I am someone with a prevalent visual and kinesthetic learning style. This sums up my learning preferences: visualizing words, by writing them down, in the shape of lists. When learning German, jotting down and copying sentences helps me to magically memorize words with very very little effort. Well, this is me! As an Italian teacher, I have come across a great wealth of students with a surprising auditory style, who would learn anything just by listening to it.

No matter what is your learning style, the secret for an exciting Italian language journey is to customize, as much as possibile, your studying strategies to your potential.


Euro dollar forex trading

euro dollar forex trading

any loss of profit which may arise directly or indirectly from use of or reliance on such information. High Risk Warning: Please note that foreign exchange and other leveraged trading involves significant risk of loss. Close, r3, r2, r1, s1, s2,. Contact us, about us, guest blogging, terms of Service. Shakeups within the Eurozone, such as the United Kingdoms Brexit, can of course cause euro volatility as well. Mehr über den Kanadischen Dollar mine bitcoins calculator lesen. Although it is believed that information provided is accurate, TradingCharts will not accept liability for any loss or damage that may arise from use of the content, inability to access the website, or delay or failure of receive of any information provided through this site. The ECB dictates interest rates for the region and can cause the euro to move significantly through other policy decisions it makes. Any opinions, news, research, predictions, analyses, prices or other information contained on this website is provided as general market commentary and does not constitute investment advice. Fazit unserer EUR/CAD Chartanalyse, das längerfristige Chartbild für das Forex Major Pair EUR/CAD ist neutral bis verhalten negativ einzuschätzen.

Eurcad nähert sich dem Vorjahrestief. Pivot Point, distance, bid, ask, hIGH, lOW.

Learn more about Technical Analysis. These pages, and all content m Inc and other copyright holders. Letztes Update:, aktueller Kurs von EUR/CAD. USD can be influenced by labor market data in particular non-farm payroll (NFP) results and the level of unemployment US GDP and inflation data, interest rates and the Fed. Jeder Kursstab stellt die Kursentwicklung für einen Monat dar, bei einem letzten Kurs von 1,4882. It is not suitable for all investors and you should make sure you understand the risks involved, seeking independent advice if necessary. Member nations of the euro are all part of the EU but not all EU nations are part of the euro (e.g. Permission is not granted to redistribute charts, data, news or other information found on this site, in any manner.

Close, r3, r2, r1, s1, s2, s3, understanding Pivot Points, pivot points are used by traders as a predictive indicator and denote levels of technical significance. All logos, images and trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Zurück zur Übersicht Chartanalysen. Interesting facts, eUR/USD is one of the most traded currency pairs in the world. It represents the value of the US dollar per one euro. The euro is a relativity new currency when compared with the other majors, it was established by the provisions in the 1992 Maastricht Treaty and is managed by the European Central Bank (ECB) and the Eurosystem (comprised of the central banks of the eurozone). In this regard, economic data and policy decisions in Germany (which has the highest GDP in the Eurozone as of 2018) can have a significant impact on EUR. Price drivers, a general rule is that the larger the GDP of a country in the Eurozone, the larger their impact on the euro. Möglicherweise besteht weiteres Abwärtspotential bis zum Septembertief 2017 bei 1,4443. Trend des Monatschart: Seitwärts/Abwärts, der abgebildete Monatschart des Währungspaares, eUR/CAD (Euro/Kanadischer Dollar Forex) zeigt die Kursbewegung seit dem Jahr 2007. Erst ein Kursanstieg über das Dezemberhoch bei 1,5646 würde das negative Chartbild auf neutral drehen. Other data including GDP growth, employment, inflation and trade balance data are important.

Euro dollar forex, Gmt forex,


Title: Bentonite
CAS Registry Number: 1302-78-9
Additional Names: Wilkinite
Literature References: A colloidal native hydrated aluminum silicate (clay) found in the midwest of the U.S.A. and in Canada. Consists principally of montmorillonite, Al2O3.4SiO2.H2O. Usually contains some magnesium, iron, and calcium carbonate. Review: J. Alexander, Ind. Eng. Chem. 16, 1140 (1924).
Properties: The color in the massive condition varies from yellowish-white to almost black. The powder is cream colored to pale brown. It has the property of forming highly viscous suspensions or gels with not less than ten times its weight of water. The property of forming gels is very much increased by the addition of small amounts of alkaline substances such as magnesium oxide.
Use: As of Fuller's earth; as emulsifier for oils; as a base for plasters. Pharmaceutic aid (suspending agent).

Others monographs:
Potassium Hexachloroosmate(IV)Lacmoidp-PhenylenediamineDibenzylamine
ThyrotropinSassy BarkPerformic AcidPyrrocaine
©2016 DrugLead US FDA&EMEA


Africa in the week ending Oct. 12

Africa in the week ending Oct. 12

World Bank cuts sub-Saharan Africa’s 2018 growth forecast to 2.7%

The World Bank has cut its economic growth forecast for sub-Saharan Africa this year to 2.7 percent from an earlier forecast of 3.1 percent, mainly because of slower-than-expected growth in the continent’s bigger economies, the bank said on Wednesday.

The slowing recovery rate “is explained by the sluggish expansion in the region’s three largest economies, Nigeria, Angola, and South Africa,” the bank said in a statement.

High public debt in some countries, combined with weakening currencies and rising interest rates, could endanger their ability to service those debts, the World Bank warned.

Nigeria 2019 Elections: Ex-VP Abubakar Emerges Buhari’s main challenger

Former Nigerian Vice President  Atiku Abubakar won the presidential primaries of the main opposition People’s Democratic Party, making him the one challenger with a change to defeat the incumbent President Muhammadu Buhari.

Among Abubakar’s early backers is former President Olusegun Obasanjo, who gave up a long-running feud with his former deputy to back him publicly against Buhari.

Abubakar and his other rivals for the party ticket, including Senate President Bukola Saraki and the governor of Sokoto state, Aminu Tambuwal, have managed to maintain unity, with the losers remaining steadfast in their support of the candidate ahead of the vote.

Opposition to his candidacy by Obasanjo – a former military ruler who was democratically elected when Nigeria switched to civilian rule 19 years ago and remains influential – could have cut Abubakar’s access to vital patronage networks needed to mobilize grassroots support and funds.

Abubakar poses the biggest challenge to President Muhammadu Buhari, who is seeking a second four-year term in the February election. The country emerged in 2017 from its first recession in 25 years but economic growth remains sluggish and inflation is above the central bank’s single-digit target.

Ghana, surrounded by French speakers,  joins La Francophonie

The West African nation of Ghana, surrounded by three French-speaking neighbours, has joined La Francophonie, the 84 nation member organization, La Francophonie, and organization initially created with the objective of promoting a dialogue to develop a political and economic solidarity between the French-speaking peoples.

Ghana had been an associate member of the group since 2006, after bypassing the observer status. “Ghana, an anglophone nation, is only one of a handful of countries that enjoys membership of both the Commonwealth and La Francophonie, and we value this situation very much,” President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo said on Oct. 12 at the joining ceremony in Erevan, Armenia,

He said with the number of people who spoke French expected to rise to over 700 million, of which 80 per cent would be in Africa, the lives of Ghanaians were intimately linked with the French-speaking world.

The Organization Internationale de la Francophonie (OIF), generally known as La Francophonie, is an international organization representing countries and regions where French is a lingua franca or customary language, where a significant proportion of the population are Francophone (French speakers), or where there is a notable affiliation with French culture.


Staying in Business by Staying Out of Some Businesses

Quick Summary: Give as much thought to product and market extensions as was given to the original business.

From high school math we learned that it takes at least two data points in order to draw a graph.  With only one data point an infinite number of possibilities for the shape and direction of a graph exist.  One of the key elements for a company to stay in business is to collect enough data about their business to know in which direction to move.  Unfortunately, data is not enough.  Careful thought must be given to convert that data into useful information in order to plot and plan the desired business trajectory.

In many instances, companies will react to data instead of taking time to understand what it really means.  As an example, two or three months of excellent sales results from a new product or service may lead a company to forecast the demand will continue to increase.  They then may decide to significantly ramp up inventory to meet the future projected demand.  Upon closer inspection, the initial results could have been caused by pent-up demand in a small market; or it could have been due to limited seasonal or regional interest; or it could have been the result of a unique offering that will quickly disappear because of a competitor entering the market; or a host of other reasons.  Perhaps some latent defects will appear in the product that could render the newly purchased inventory useless.  There is no question that revenue is the life blood of an organization and growth is key to long-term success.  However, understanding why growth is occurring and understanding why it will or may not continue is critical unless you are in the shooting star business.

Not only can high growth cause false steps, but the lack of growth can be equally problematic.   Although we appear to live and work in world markets, there are incredible differences from one market or region to another. Companies having trouble in one market can easily fall into the trap that those “other markets” are better suited for their product or service following the simplest notion that the grass is always greener on the other side.  The grass may, indeed, be greener but it also may contain landmines.  Understanding what went wrong is far more important than projecting what will go right elsewhere.  The concept of “going international” is an incredibly naïve approach.  There is no such thing as international.  Imagine for a moment, a small company in Austria talking about “going international.”  Would they lump China, India, and the United States into that one category?  Unfortunately, many U.S. based companies make that mistake when discussing “international”.

Finally, it is easy to project that the success of one product or service will logically lead to the success of other related products or services.  There is no question that selling new products or services to existing customers has some major benefits.  Also, developing different product or service variations can provide access to adjacent markets.  However, when increasing the depth (selling to existing customers) or the breadth (selling to new segments) of market opportunities, significant increases in internal complexity are easy to miss.  Although the new opportunities may appear to be logical extensions of the company’s core business, new skills sets, new competitors, and new demands can easily cause a company to lose focus on their initial markets.

The end result of these factors is that to stay in business a company must carefully consider many factors before getting into other businesses.  One plus one does not always equal two.  Pursuing growth through new business opportunities can dilute the efforts that made the primary business successful.  In that case, one plus one could be negative two!

Article Number : 2.020105

A Handy Reference Guide for Executives and Managers at All Levels.

9 Volumes 40 Chapters ~598 Articles

Browse Select Read Download


Try the political quiz

The Jewish Home’s policy on women in combat

Should the military allow women to serve in combat roles?

TJH>TJH  Party’s support baseNo

The Jewish Home’s answer is based on the following data:

Official answer

Voting record

Donor influence

Public statements

Updated 10hrs ago

Party’s support base

The Jewish Home Party Voters’ Answer: No

Importance: Less Important

Reference: Analysis of answers from 106 voters that identify as The Jewish Home.

See any errors? Suggest corrections to this party’s stance here

How similar are your political beliefs to The Jewish Home’s policies? Take the political quiz to find out.


All Jobs in India

The Souled Store Pvt. Ltd. - UI Developer

The Souled Store Pvt. Ltd.

UI Developer
Lower Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
1 - 3 Years
1 - 3 LPA

Job Description

Key Skills 1.Handson experience in React Native 2. HTML5 /CSS/JS 3. Experience in User Centered Design with Product strategy Qualifications : 1. B.E. / B.Tech / Equivalent Technical Roles and responsibilities : 1. Craft clean, manageable code and maintain proper documentation 2. Continuously discover, evaluate, and implement new technologies and frameworks to maximize development efficiency Good to have skills : Experience with modern frontend frameworks (React, Angular, Vue, Backbone, etc.). A great understanding of HTML & CSS. Experience in implementing intuitive user interfaces for complex tasks. Experience scaling front-end engineering through component driven development - delivering re-usable modules, and efficient web applications. Experience and knowledge of Cross-browser compatibility, Cross-device Compatibility and debugging. Proficient understanding of code versioning tools, such as Git

Work Function

Frontend Development

Information Technology

  • B.E / B.Tech

Thank you for your interest.
Our team will reach out to you right away.


Ulogs.org Update: What's Ongoing?Click here.

Update: For "Certified Uloggers"Click here.

Write and publish a ULOG on steem
Write and publish a Ulog on Steem
Our Community will become your true fan and upvote your ULOG
Our community of true fans will heartily upvote your Ulogs.
Earn rewards in Steem
Earn a variety of rewards and steem from True Fans

New to Ulogs?

See Video Explanation

Thank you for beginning the process of creating a Ulog-Community. To further the process, start by contributing ulogs under this very ulog-subtag and inviting others to do the same. You can start now! Simply visit this editor on 'https://ulogs.org/main-editor' to contribute a ulog and make sure to use the ulog-subtag here as one of the tags underneath your post.
To complete the process of creating a Ulog-Community, kindly send an email containing your intention to [email protected]
Note: Anyone can choose to complete the process!


Environment, Voices Developments

Environmental Delegation to El Salvador

Voices on the Border invites you to join us on a delegation to El Salvador from August 1-9, 2009, to explore how the fields of law, science, education, economics, and trade affect local efforts to protect the environment and natural resources.

nancuchiname4Environmental Protection in El Salvador El Salvador is the most densely populated and the second most deforested country in the Western Hemisphere. Over 90% of all surface waters are dangerously contaminated by agricultural runoff, untreated wastewater, and waste from unregulated industry. As a result, farmers are dying of renal failure linked to agrochemicals, while children suffer from gastro intestinal diseases related to the contaminated water sources.  Deforestation results in flooding, landslides, and other disasters that have killed thousands in recent years.

The weak rule of law, lack of environmental education or access to technology and science, and economic pressures are a few of the significant barriers that citizens, government agencies, and civil society face in their efforts to restore and protect local ecosystems and natural resources.

How can developing communities restore and protect their environmental integrity? How are El Salvador’s environmental issues similar to those in other developing countries?  How can we, as members of the international community, best support Salvadorans and others in similarly situated countries achieve sustainable levels of development?  Come to El Salvador and find out!

During the 9-day trip, participants will meet with environmentalists, economists, government officials, and community leaders to discuss their efforts to achieve sustainable levels of development and protect the health and wellbeing of Salvadorans.  We will also travel around the country to witness environmental degradation and discuss the barriers that communities and environmentalists face, as well as how some are fighting back.  Our excursions will include a day-long boat trip through mangrove forests, a hike up a volcano, and other opportunities to enjoy El Salvador’s remaining natural treasures.

We welcome people of all ages and walks of life, especially students or professionals in the fields of law, science, public health, or economics. We will provide translators, so an ability to speak Spanish (while beneficial) is not required.

Cost: $900 includes food, lodging, in-country transportation, and interpretation

Deposit: Application and $100 due by July 10, 2009 (Application available at www.votb.org)

Lodging: Participants will stay in safe, comfortable guesthouses

For more info click here or contact: Thomas R. Hughes (email: voices@votb.org or phone: 202-529-2912)


ThursdayThinks: Bringing Your Shadow to Light

Shadow Work is work to be done in the murky depths of your soul, but one to be unjudged and untamed as you trudge through the trenches. It is very deep and emotional work, but once you get into it, you’ll see incredible results manifesting in your life!

Essentially, when you find certain behavior distasteful, it is because there is a piece of you that connects with it, and you’ve shunned it into your shadow. Disowning it. And at the most inopportune times, it will show up and wreak havoc.

So in order to tame the shame, we have to show our shadow some compassion. A way to recognize this is by doing the exercise below:

Watch a movie or TV show in which you absolutely hate a character and try to identify with them.

Sit with a piece of paper and make a log of every single behavior you have a reaction to, and try to dissect it.

Why does that face make you annoyed? Why does that response anger you? What is it inside you that reacts to their reaction?

Keep a log of this and try to identify with the negative, and when you’re done with the movie/ show, read your findings aloud. Reading aloud honors them and shows attention.

Read without judgement and acknowledge that this is a part of you.

Then, if you feel so inspired, start an inner dialogue, devoid of judgement, as to when these were cast to the shadows. Understanding your shadow is the best way to heal it.

Happy hunting, and stay witchy ( *)

Taking a Vacation from Self Help

Where Are You In Your Journey: Episode 2

Episode 2 is live! Here you’ll meet Vanessa Meyer, a Los Angeles based hair stylist and dear friend of mine, who imparts some wisdom on finding your purpose. If you want to follow up with her, find her on Instagram @theglitterwhore and

Listen below, on iTunes, and on Soundcloud ( *)

Standing By Your Shit

The Moon symbolizes fears and illusions within the subconscious. A lot of the times these fears will come up in interpersonal relationships, because if you critique yourself too harshly, more often than not you will project these illusions on other people. Judgement and shame will do that to a person.

Living with shame is not the way anyone wants to go about their life, and yet, it is all too common. Shame is consuming, and it’s a by-product of people pleasing. When we go around trying to depict a perfect version of ourselves to others, rather than living in authenticity, we usually do it in the avoidance of shame. We all have pasts, some more sorted than others, and we need to stand by our shit in order to maintain our truth.

Standing by your shit is important because it comes from valuing yourself and your accomplishments. It means that you are secure in who you are and what you do, because you have the ability to forgive yourself and also to congratulate yourself.

Strength plays a key role here. And inner strength works across the board: in forgiving yourself for your past, accepting yourself in your present, and trusting yourself in your future. These tasks are not easy, but they are vital for growth. And, darlin, it takes strength to grow.

Looking in the mirror and automatically loving ourselves doesn’t come so easy to most of us. But standing by your shit, recognizing that it isn’t all pretty, and giving yourself permission to have a past as a human is humbling and strong. So stand up, be strong, and stay witchy ( *)


A Job Description for a Volcanologists

Image by Flickr.com, courtesy of flydime

Volcanologists try to understand how and why volcanoes erupt, try to predict future eruptions as well as trying to understand the health and environmental impacts on the Earth. Volcanoes cannot be understood without learning about the structure and chemistry of the planet, its rocks and the interaction of volcanic material with water and air.

Volcanology requires a minimum of a bachelor's degree; however most volcanologists hold a master's degree or a doctoral of philosophy (Ph.D). Studies include math (pre-calc) and science, such as geophysics, geochemistry, geomorphology, structural and sedimentary geology, remote sensing and petrology.

Field Work

Field work involves collecting data to be analysed by mapping rock distribution, photographing ground deformations, calculating gas emissions and measuring volcanic seismic activity.

Office Work

Collected data is analysed, recorded and interpreted by chemically dating rock samples, performing computer modelling of volcanic eruptions, and writing scientific papers.

Volcanologists measure volcanic gasses, swelling and deflation by using tools, including seismometers to measure earthquakes from the volcano, surveying equipment, GPS and satellite imagery.

Volcanology jobs are hard to find as funding is limited and jobs are scarce. Employment for volcanologists lies within the university system, where the focus is on research, or by the government, with positions focusing on hazards and monitoring.

A typical volcanologist's salary (2009) can range from about £19,500 to £58,500 per year, based on experience, according to Oregon State University.

Most recent


Q: Now that we found our dream home, how can we protect ourselves regarding the purchase contract our agent wants us to sign?

— Meg

A: The purchase and closing of your new home is one of the most complex and stressful times most people will endure. Buying a house is not something that people do every day and anything unknown can be frightening. The key to getting through the process smoothly is knowledge.

It is always a good idea to hire an attorney to help you through the process and to have someone in your corner, but the simple reality is that the large majority of people do not do this. If you decide to go it on your own, there are still some things you can do to make the process easier.

The first time most buyers see the purchase contract is after they find a home and their real estate agent wants to send it to the seller right away. With this time crunch, it will be almost impossible to read the long and technical contract, let alone understand it. This is easily avoided because almost all transactions use a fill-in the blanks form contract. Ask your agent for a blank copy and read it before your even start looking at homes. Ask your agent, or research on the internet, any parts of the contract that you don't understand.

Remember that even if there is a "normal" way of doing things, everything in the contract is negotiable. You may be able to get a better price by, for example, agreeing to pay a closing cost that the seller would traditionally pay. You also need to understand the various contingencies and time periods in the contract. Just because your agent feels your offer will be "stronger" to the seller if you enter into an "as-is" contract, it may not be a good idea if you don't have the extra cash to make the repairs.

You also want to make sure all of the deadlines, such as for getting a loan approval, performing inspections, and getting association approval, are long enough to actually accomplish those things.

Once everything is to your liking and understood, you can sign the contract — not before. After the contract is signed, you should write down all of the various deadlines in your calendar. These are very important and you can lose your deposit if a deadline is missed, even by a day.

Remember that what you agree to has consequences and the fact that you did not read or understand what you signed will not get you off the hook.

— Gary M. Singer is a Florida attorney and board-certified as an expert in real estate law by the Florida Bar. Send him questions online at www.sunsentinel.com/askpro or follow him on Twitter @GarySingerLaw.


Write a Review

Ritchey Comp Flat Handlebar

Ritchey Comp Flat Handlebar
This item is currently not available.

The flat +/-5mm bar packs the material technology, strength and weight you expect from a Ritchey bar, with an additional +/-5mm of height adjustment.

- Double Butted 6061 Alloy Construction
- +/-5mm rise
- Width / Sweep: 720mm / 9 degrees
- BB Black Finish
- 276g