The Mayo Clinic of South Africa

Hernia and Heartburn Unit

Digestive systemWhat is heartburn?
What are hernias?
Hiatus Hernia
Inguinal Hernia
Incisional Hernia
Umbilical Hernia
What is Heartburn?

Mayo Clinic Hernia and Heartburn UnitHeartburn, also called acid indigestion, usually feels like a burning chest pain beginning behind the breastbone and moving upward to the neck and throat and even into the shoulder blades. Many people say it feels like food is coming back into the mouth leaving an acid or bitter taste. The burning, pressure, or pain of heartburn can last as long as two hours and is often worse after eating. Lying down or bending over can also result in heartburn and relief is often obtained by standing upright or by taking an antacid that clears acid out of the oesophagus.

Many people suffer from heartburn or acid indigestion caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease. This digestive disease is a disorder that affects the lower oesophageal sphincter - the muscle connecting the oesophagus with the stomach.

Heartburn pain can be mistaken for the pain associated with a heart attack, but there are differences. Exercise may aggravate pain resulting from heart disease, and rest may relieve the pain. Heartburn pain is less likely to be associated with physical activity. In most cases, heartburn can be relieved through diet and lifestyle changes, however, some people may require medication or surgery.

What is Gastroesophageal Reflux?

'Gastroesophageal' refers to the stomach and oesophagus. 'Reflux' means to flow back or return. Therefore, gastroesophageal reflux is the return of the stomach's contents back up into the oesophagus. In normal digestion, the lower oesophageal sphincter, which is like a valve, opens to allow food to pass into the stomach and closes to prevent food and acidic stomach juices from flowing back into the oesophagus. Reflux occurs when the sphincter is weak and allows the stomach's contents to flow up into the oesophagus.

What are the complications of long-term gastroesophageal reflux?

Sometimes gastroesophageal reflux results in serious complications. Oesophagitis can occur as a result of too much stomach acid in the oesophagus. Oesophagitis may cause bleeding or ulcers. In addition, a narrowing or stricture of the oesophagus may occur from chronic scarring. Some people develop a condition known as Barrett's oesophagus, which is severe damage to the membranous lining of the oesophagus. Doctors believe this condition may be a precursor to oesophageal cancer.

What are Hernias?

The most common location for hernias is the abdomen. The abdominal wall - a sheet of tough muscle and tendon that runs down from the ribs to the legs at the groins - acts as a 'corset'. Its function, amongst other things, is to provide strong support to the internal organs which are exerting significant outward pressure. If a weakness should open up in that wall then the corset effect is lost and the stomach and intestines push through the weakness. The opening of a gap in the tissue can occur of its own accord at a point of natural weakness, or by over-stretching a part of the tissue. Over-exertion can cause it, but so could a simple cough or sneeze. The ensuing bulge, which is often quite visible against the skin, is the hernia. The effects felt by the patient can range from being painless, through discomfort, to being very painful indeed.

These hernias commonly occur where there are natural weaknesses in our abdominal wall. Examples of these are the canals (inguinal and femoral) which allow passage of vessels down to the scrotum and the legs, respectively. The umbilical area is another area of natural weakness frequently prone to hernia. Hernias often occur at the site of any previous abdominal surgery.

Hiatus Hernia

There is some belief that a hiatus hernia may weaken the lower oesophageal sphincter and cause reflux and heartburn. Hiatus hernias occurs when the upper part of the stomach moves up into the chest through a small opening in the diaphragm - the muscle separating the stomach from the chest. The opening in the diaphragm acts as an additional sphincter and the hiatus hernia results in retention of acid and other contents in the part of the stomach above this opening. These substances can reflux easily into the oesophagus. Coughing, vomiting, straining, or sudden physical exertion can cause increased pressure in the abdomen resulting in hiatus hernia.

There are no visible symptoms of hiatus hernia, as the whole event occurs inside the chest. People with severe, chronic oesophageal reflux or with symptoms not relieved by conservative treatment may need a more complete diagnostic evaluation.

 Endoscopy is an important procedure for individuals with chronic gastroesophageal reflux. By placing a small lighted tube with a tiny video camera on the end (gastroscope) into the oesophagus, the doctor may see inflammation or irritation of the tissue lining the oesophagus (oesophagitis). If the findings of the endoscopy are abnormal or questionable, taking a biopsy from the lining of the oesophagus may be helpful.

For patients in whom diagnosis is difficult, doctors may measure the acid levels inside the oesophagus through pH testing. Testing the pH monitors the acidity level of the oesophagus and symptoms during meals, activity, and sleep.

The above procedure are described in more detail on our Gastro-Intestinal Unit page.

An axial sliding hernia as seen through a gastroscope. The picture shows an axial sliding hernia as seen through a gastroscope. Visible in the background are those parts of the stomach which are protruding into the chest cavity.

Surgery may be necessary if the hernia is in danger of becoming strangulated or twisted in a way that cuts off blood supply, or is complicated by severe gastroesophageal reflux or inflammation of the oesophagus. The doctor may perform surgery to reduce the size of the hernia or to prevent strangulation.

What can be done to avoid a hiatus hernia?

Whilst there is nothing that one can do to prevent the occurrence of a hiatus hernia, there are three ways of dealing with the symptoms.

Identify certain foods that may aggravate your condition, then simple avoidance of these foods is an easy way of avoiding discomfort. Avoid such things as:

Hot foods and drinks
Spicy foods
Acidic foods
Foods which are difficult to digest
Being overweight
Do not eat a heavy meal prior to strenuous exercise. Try to avoid eating or drinking for an appropriate amount of time before lying down. The occurrence of reflux may be reduced by adjusting the angle of your bed.

The advantage of this approach is, mainly, that you might avoid medical or surgical intervention altogether and be able to live with the condition without suffering the symptoms.

 There are several different medicines available to deal with the symptoms of hiatus hernia. They work in different ways, but are normally of an antacid type, and some work better on certain patients than others.

The advantage of the medicinal approach is that, in certain cases, this allows the patient to avoid all symptoms without too much inconvenience.

No decision should be taken to proceed to surgery for hiatus hernia unless all tests have conclusively confirmed that there is no alternative.
The operation involves tightening the hiatus area in order to keep the stomach in its correct place, below the diaphragm, and which reinstates the narrowing of the opening into the stomach.

Inguinal Hernia.

Inguinal hernias occur in the groin area. These hernia operations are among the most common surgical procedures performed today. Although inguinal hernias are most frequent in men, women comprise about 10 percent of the patient population.

Most hernias result from a tear in the deep lining, or fascia, beneath the abdominal muscles in the groin region. Once this lining is torn, the intestines break through the overlying muscle layers pushing up to the skin surface, giving the characteristic bulge. In many cases, this process begins at birth and is an inherited condition affecting people of all age groups. Signs and symptoms that can be associated with inguinal hernias include pain, pressure, burning, bulging in the groin, and enlargement of the scrotum. However, many patients present only with fullness or bulging in the groin without any other symptoms at all.

The traditional method of hernia repair is to admit the patient to hospital, whether as a day-case or for a few days and, under general anaesthesia, the surgeon pushes back the bulge of peritoneum through the opening and then closes the defect by stitching one side of the lining firmly to the other. The patient is restricted in physical activity for some weeks after the procedure to prevent the sutures from pulling apart. In order to reduce the tension of the stitching, surgeons have developed methods of stitching the tissue in layers, one above the other. This technique reduces a little of the pressure. Another technique involves placing or stitching a 'patch' over the hernia.

At the Mayo Day Clinic the most commonly used method is laparoscopic or 'keyhole' surgery. This technique is performed under general anaesthesia and the surgeon inserts small tubes into the abdominal cavity through tiny cuts in the abdominal wall. One tube contains a video camera lens which projects the image of the surgery onto a television monitor. The surgeon performs the repair through the other tubes.  The repair is achieved by firing staples through a mesh patch into the muscle tissue. This approach is often more technically difficult to perform but the advantages of this technique is that only the smallest of incisions are required and the recovery period for the patient is vastly reduced.

Incisional Hernia

Incisional hernias result from the breakdown of a previous surgical incision. These arise most commonly as a result of infection or a haematoma (the collection of blood in an incision) following a surgical procedure. Additionally, tension in the surgical closure of the abdomen can lead to a disruption of the tissues. The result is an unsightly bulge which, left alone, can lead to numerous complications. Some studies have suggested that incisional hernias can occur in as many as 15% to 20% of abdominal operations.

Umbilical Hernia

Hernias at the site of the umbilicus are as a result of the muscles surrounding the naval being weak and allowing the intestine to push through the opening of the 'belly button'. This creates protrusions of varying sizes. A simple procedure is required to suture the abdominal wall closed at the site, forcing the internal organs to remain within the abdominal cavity.

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DXC Technology Co.

11/07/2019 | News release | Distributed by Public on 11/07/2019 08:00

4 action steps to prepare your workforce for the future

What's the best way to prepare for the workforce of the future? With news of Amazon, JPMorgan Chase, and others investing billions in training, you'd be forgiven for thinking the answer is simply 'reskilling the workforce.'

And yet, reskilling is only one part of the solution. Creating the workforce of tomorrow requires a holistic approach to learning that enables the continuous development of new skills, a higher level of engagement, and an agile and thoughtful response to ongoing change. This, in turn, requires putting learning at the very core of the entire organization.

Vanguard organizations are already preparing the workforce by making learning foundational. Your organization can begin to do the same by taking these four action steps:

1. Make learning opportunities available to everyone in your complex demographic landscape.

Today's workplace demographics are complex, composed of multiple generations with varying experience levels, specialization, tenure and learning preferences. HR practitioners must now determine how to leverage people, process, and technology around this workforce.

Globalization also affects employee learning and development. Workforces in different countries may need instruction that is sensitive to varied cultural and language preferences; remote employees need access to mobile learning and development tools. Similarly, the rise of part-time and gig employees requires organizations to think beyond traditional, synchronous, and on-location training.

Action: Increase engagement and productivity-and facilitate a valuable sense of community and collaboration-by providing training and career development opportunities to the entire workforce, including in-house, remote, global, part-time and even gig workers.

2. Democratize talent with teams.

Today, an organization's ability to pivot in the marketplace depends on agility-and agility requires a workforce that is networked and collaborative, i.e., team-based. Teams, unlike the traditional (and rigid) corporate hierarchy of the past, can form, dissolve and morph as needed to meet new and changing business needs.

Team-based structures also more effectively harness the expertise and wisdom of all employees, at all levels. In a team-based structure, someone may have only one year of experience, but they may also have the right expertise to contribute to a team's success or even lead a team. And that's the big 'Aha!' moment, realizing that anyone can step up to contribute or lead.

Action: Democratizing talent means giving all employees an opportunity to contribute, regardless of tenure, assuming they have evidence-based knowledge and insights to share. Don't dismiss employees' perspectives or ideas based on age, tenure or role.

3. Understand and enable 'learning while working.'

How can workers continue to be relevant amid the increased use of AI, cognitive technologies and other disruptors to traditional workflows? By engaging in continuous learning. For organizations, this requires making learning available within the flow of work, moving development from the periphery of the employee experience-day-long courses, five-minute videos, synchronous and asynchronous e-learning-to its core. You deliver learning opportunities directly to employees and make them conveniently accessible at all times. The right technology can make learning a natural part of everyday tasks and eliminate the time employees are physically or cognitively separate from work.

Action: Use tools designed to make learning integral to everyday work life. Consider technologies that not only ensure content is relevant for each individual, but also integrate learning opportunities directly into daily work tools, e.g., Microsoft Office, Slack and Salesforce.

4. Apply programs, solutions and technologies designed to optimize collaborative learning.

Collaborative learning, when done right, accelerates the collective intelligence of an organization-a potentially powerful competitive differentiator in an era of constant change. When people come together to solve a business problem, you gain greater organizational intellectual property and intelligence than if you were to ask each person to solve the problem individually. It's the same with learning. When people learn together, they become collectively something greater by hearing and responding to each other's insights and informed observations.

Action: Better manage and distribute informal knowledge and employee insights. Employ collaborative learning technologies to make individual experience, wisdom, and insight available to a large, distributed learning population.

To learn more, read the whitepaper, 'The Workforce of the Future Begins and Ends with People.'

[Attachment] Laci Loew, EVP Marketing and Business Development with Pandexio, is a results-driven human capital industry analyst and marketing executive offering research-based consulting and advisory services in human capital. She brings more than 30 years of experience helping CEOs, CHROs, and other senior leaders drive talent upgrades, accelerate leadership development, create healthy pipelines, create cultural fluency and an inclusive environment, and embrace change to drive talent transformations from idea to action.

[Attachment]Bob Danna, Executive Chairman with Pandexio, retired as a Managing Director from the Human Capital practice at Deloitte Consulting LLP in June 2017. With more than 40 years of experience in HR and learning transformation, leadership development, workforce analytics, and associated management consulting, he has provided consulting services worldwide for both commercial and government clients.


Feeding Guide

When it comes to feeding your dog the basic rule of thumb is 1.5 - 3% of body weight per day split over 1-2 meals, a puppy from 8 weeks will need between 2 - 3% of their ideal adult body weight per day, ideally split into 1-3 meals, however this is not written in stone and is largely dependent on your dog's activity levels.

However, the most important thing to remember that all dogs are a little different, and you know your dog best.

Don't worry your dog will not become obese or fade away overnight, if they are anything like our dogs they will eat as much as you are willing to give them!

The one thing that must be remembered is that unlike kibble, raw food does not expand in the dog's stomach, so your dog might want more than perhaps it needs to begin with.

This will quickly pass as the food is much more nutritious and will take longer to digest, so your dog will feel satisfied for longer.

Just keep an eye on their weight and adjust the portion size accordingly.

What is BARF

The term BARF (Biologically Appropriate Raw Food) was coined by Dr Ian Billinghurst in the mid 80's a Vet and Agricultural Scientist, (WWW.barfworld.com).

In a nutshell this type of diet is designed to replicate that of a wild predator, the Wolf, ancestor of all of our dogs and any from the wild cat family.

Typically raw food will consist of meat, 70-80% meat and offal, 10-15% bone, 10-15% fruit and vegetables and is served raw.

Myths and Misinformation

It is only to be expected that raw feeding like many things that are perceived to be new or different has attracted is share of myths detractors, it is natural that concerns exist after all our cats and dogs mean the world to us, so I would like to dispell some of these myths and reassure anyone thinking of giving this a try.

Bacteria and raw meat is an understandable concern, however, lets not forget dogs and cats are equipped to deal with bacteria. They have been eating raw meat for thousands of years and it has not always been fresh!

We only use human grade ingredients and free range chickens. The levels of bacteria are regularly tested and strictly controlled as part of our DEFRA registration requirements, so taking all the normal precautionary hygiene measures associated with handling raw meat is enough.

Increased risk of parasites, that would be true if we used some types of unfrozen wild game (wild boar) in our recipes as some wild animals do have a higher risk of parasites (trichinae parasite) if un frozen, however we do not uese these proteins, all of our products are deep frozen and we only use human grade ingredients from DEFRA approved sources our food carries no risk of parasites.

Bones are often sited as being bad for dogs. Before the introduction of kibble, dog food contained bone, perhaps you can remember 'white dog poo' as a child and wondering why it was white, well that was the bone and that it had been digested, however kibble does not go white as it has not been fully digested. Provided it is un-cooked, bone is an essential part of the dog's diet. It cleans teeth, provides minerals, helps digestion and keeps anal glands from becoming blocked and infected.

I could go on and add pages and pages of information. Quote studies, accounts from owners, breeders and experts, opinions from vets and medical professionals, but the information is already out there. So what is the difference between us and the manufacturers of kibble? Well, we are happy to disclose everything that goes in to our products, how we make it. We have nothing to hide. See if you can find out how the dried food manufacturers make their products and what actually goes into it.

Don't forget to look at the Government food labeling guidelines, 'meaty chunks', beef and chicken, etc definately does not mean what you might think, chunks of meat, pieces of beef and chicken, anything but!

Give us a try for free!

We believe passionately in the virtues of raw food and we would like to pass on the good news. Even more, we would like you to try us for free and hopefully become regular customers. But we understand how important it is to make up your own mind.

So when you have done your own research and are ready to give raw a try please contact us and we will be happy to send you a free sample, no obligation whatsoever.


AutoFeeds Solutions

AutoFeeds solutions can be broken down to 5 distinct groups of specialized experience: Custom automotive websites, search engine optimization focused on automotive trends, paid search marketing guidance, automotive inventory management systems, and data syndication for your automotive inventory feeds.

Use the menus to navigate to a particular section for further information.


ENB Science LLC was founded by animal lovers who have a passion to improve the quality of ingredients and accuracy of dosing within the vitamin, supplement, and nutrient category of companion animal health. True-Dose™ uses patented technology to revolutionize the way we care for our pets and answers immediate needs for improved quality, increased accuracy in dosing, faster absorption, and improved convenience for daily use. Just as with human health care, animal care and technology is continually improving with better preventative treatment and increased attention to wellness.

The founders of True-Dose have extensive experience in both human nutraceuticals and companion animal health. The goal of providing human-grade products to the animal health arena has been realized with the incorporation of strategic partnership arrangements that allow True-Dose™ to provide exclusive components to reach the highest level of quality and meet the standards set forth in our goals.


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Ballon D’ Or 2019: Ronaldinho, others react as Messi beats Ronaldo, Van Dijk to win sixth award

Brazil legend, Ronaldinho has congratulated Barcelona captain, Lionel Messi after the Argentine international won the Ballon d’Or for a record sixth time on Monday night in Paris, France.

Ronaldinho, a former teammate with Messi at Barcelona, took to his official Twitter page to describe the 32-year-old as an ‘amazing athlete’.

He wrote: “Now there are 6 my brother @leomessi Congratulations on the much deserved achievement, unfortunately, it was not possible to be with you tonight in Paris.

“But inside my heart is all affection and esteem for the amazing person you are, as an athlete, you need not speak, every game is a show !!!”

Also reacting, former Barcelona captain, Carles Puyol described Messi as an example of “passion and love for soccer.”

He wrote: “Congratulations Leo, six are already there and I’m sure you’ll still win some more … Thank you for making us enjoy so much, you are an example of passion and love for soccer.”

Barcelona team-mate, Arturo Vidal also joined: “Congratulations @leomessi You keep expanding your LEGEND, you’ll be forever the best!

And so did Carles Alena: “Congratulations Leo! You’re the number 1!!!! You deserve it!!!!!”

Arthur also got in on the act: ”I am privileged to live with and play with this genius. Congratulations, ace!”


After 5 seconds into the Freezing Field sound, it no longer has that wind whistling hail-hitting-ground sound anymore. It only has that hissing sound, which sounds weird on its own.

Here is how it sounds currently. You can notice the drop in quality once halfway through.

Here is a fixed example. This is just a quick edit, I just layered a second instance of the sound, starting halfway through the first layer.

And here is an in-game comparison between the two


Hi. This is my first post here. I had always wanted to make a note of what was happening in the film sound world. There are not a lot of good websites that deal with Film Sound Mixing. Although there are some that do have writeups on Sound Design, very little deals with the actual process and nitty gritty of Film mixing and techniques. I wanted to make a note of the things we do, so that people can learn and understand the techniques, difficulties, workarounds, technicalities etc. involved in this.


Kansas Corn: Fermentation in a Bag

Seed to STEM
Grade Level: Middle School

In this experiment, students investigate the process for fermentation in resealable bags with yeast, warm water, enzymes, and various sources of sugars from plants.   Students will observe and measure the inflation of the bag as the reaction produces gas (CO2) during the production of ethanol.  Students will set up several bags to compare how yeast ferments simple sugars, starch, and complex carbohydrates.  Students can compare the rates of ethanol productions and the effects of different enzymes using the inflation of the bag, inflation of balloons, water, or breathalyzers.  This lab is used to explore and understand the process of ethanol production as a biofuel.

Ethanol is a renewable source of fuel for vehicles that is widely produced from corn. Ethanol production is reliant on anaerobic fermentation of corn sugars by yeast. Scientists and industry professionals are always working to make the fermentation procedure more efficient. Different enzymes are added to the corn to break the starch into simple sugars that the yeast can process into ethanol. This lab allows students to experiment with different variables in the fermentation process to determine their effect.

When a fuel, such a gasoline, is burned, carbon is released into the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide.  Burning fossil fuels adds extra carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.  This extra carbon dioxide traps heat from the sun and is a major contributing factor in climate change.

Ethanol made from corn also releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, but unlike burning fossil fuels, corn plants have already absorbed the CO2 from corn grown last season.  This means that by using ethanol we can cycle carbon dioxide between the plants and atmosphere, as opposed to releasing fossilized carbon from oil.


Category Archives: Communication

The PROVE Acrostic

prove itSource: Bill Richardson, International Consultant and Trainer

This acrostic is a powerful reminder to leaders that they actually are buyers of commitment from their followers. With followers, while they typically don’t realize it, they are actually selling this very powerful commodity referred to as commitment. Commitment actually means full engagement with no turning back no matter what. Unfortunately, because a large number of leaders behave in non-supportive or inauthentic ways that creates doubt in their employee’s mind about their real intent, the employee only provides their compliance. While this compliance may appear valuable, it typically lacks full-fledged application of their brain power, perspiration and most importantly what I call their discretionary emotional energy aka passion. This acrostic will help leaders appreciate the value of team commitment to building collaborative capital in the organization and remind them of the importance of their stewardship role in taking proper care of the commitment entrusted to them.

Main Idea: Your brand is your unique promise of value delivery! If you have established a reputation in the organization or community as someone whose intent is worthy of support people will very quickly entrust their discretionary emotional energy aka commitment to you.  If however they do not know about you and the three key elements of your personal brand, i.e.  1) what are you known for, 2) what do you stand for, and 3) what are you capable of becoming, then they will only start off with providing  their compliance. They will be constantly assessing your intent, to ascertain whether you are authentically focused on what is best for the team and the organization. How this process works is contained in the remaining letters of this acrostic – Reach, Objectivity, Validation and Energy. By growing, protecting and promoting their personal brand, leaders can tap into team member commitment much sooner.

Main Idea: Multiply versus diminish! This factor in earning the right to influence revolves around the difference between two mindsets. The first is the leader mindset that “I am the smartest” because they perhaps have degrees and they have the title of leader. These leaders proceed to expect blind obedience and essentially pair of hands kind of support. Their focus in on the deliverable only and what is immediately in front of them. Contrast this with the leader who believes “we are the smartest” and focuses on multiplying what each team member brings to the table. Their reach is significantly wider and higher because they are more focused on outcomes rather than just deliverables and truly forming a trusted partnership with the team. Multipliers are more fun to work with as they are more interested in being a thinking partner than being a thinking replacement as someone who has all the answers.

Main Idea: Responsibly think fast and slow! With our brains hardwired for auto pilot thinking primarily with the purpose of keeping us safe, leaders can easily be seduced into making quick assessments and judgments without any “conscious” thought. By demonstrating to your team that you are aware of how the brain works and that the capability to think fast and slow is a gift of humanity that needs to be managed with care. Team members want to be assured that their leader is putting curiosity before judgement when either thinking fast or slow. Your willingness and ability to remain objective especially under pressure will automatically engender confidence from your team and significantly strengthen your personal brand.

Main Idea: Pay attention to what people value and need! We humans are social animals with five pre-set social needs that significantly influence our behavior. People value and need having acknowledgement for their sense of status, their need for certainty or predictability, their need for some sense of autonomy, their need for being part of a tribe or team that will keep them safe and lastly a need to be treated fairly. These five needs – status, certainty, autonomy, relatedness and fairness form the acrostic SCARF which was first coined by David Rock in 2008.  Essentially when any or all of these social needs are threatened people will move away from the direction you want them to go. Conversely, when any or all of this needs are reinforced and increased people will tend to move in the direction you would like them to go. SCARF provides leaders with a language for social interaction they can employ both in their personal and business lives to improve the quality of their social interactions. The key is remember that most of the elements of SCARF are occurring at the subconscious level of the brain. Therefore people may be moving away from an idea or project and they typically will not be able to explain why. By being able to help them put their difficulty into language you automatically strengthen your connection and validity as their leader.

Main Idea: Connect, mobilize, sustain! Just as discretionary emotional energy is at the heart of building collaborative capital, energy around connecting before you communicate is at the heart of demonstrating your worthy intent in regards to commitment. Influencing people is something you do not something you have. Think of influencing as a three bladed propeller that must turn to create movement or progress.  The first blade is about connecting with people to understand what they value and need. Once you have established this context move on to mobilizing their commitment through either tell, sell, enlist or negotiate tactics. The idea is to use the right tactic depending on the context and to have multiple arrows in your influence quiver. The key for the third blade is to sustain that movement by acknowledging what people are contributing, giving feedback and information on progress. People will dedicate their commitment when they know their leader treats influence as a process and not just an event. The secret leadership ingredient is energy.

Final Words: This acrostic is powerful, purposeful and proactive. It is based on the premise that leaders need to continually PROVE their willingness to be a worthy steward of this important ingredient of collaborative capital. It is like swimming upstream. If you stop swimming you will fall back!

The GRABS Acrostic

communicate-icon-pictures-2Source: From Globe and Mail Article – July 27, 2015 by Doug Mollenhauer

This acrostic has a bit of an edge to it which I really like. Its connotation is that when a subject or idea GRABS your attention it has power and impact. Doug Mollenhauer, a communications-training consultant based in Vancouver, developed this acrostic to reinforce five key principles for connecting effectively when communicating. His article can be accessed at

Get It:

Main Idea: Help them understand it by stripping complexity and ornamentation from your communication – less is more.

Relate to It:

Main Idea: Help them care and feel something by zeroing in on the emotion that will connect a smaller but potentially more motivated segment of your audience.

Act on it:

Main Idea: Help them want to act on it by articulating an appealing call to action like Nike’s “Just Do It!”

Believe it:

Main Idea: Help them be believers by persuading acceptance through trustworthy authority and personal experience appeals. As Doug puts it, “If the gut says yes, acceptance often follows.”

Surprise and Delight:

Main Idea: Help them notice by injecting humour that both delights and focuses attention by breaking the pattern.

Final Word:

I believe that ordinary things done extraordinarily well, make the difference in leadership. What could be more ordinary than communication? Communicating extraordinarily well is about connecting by paying attention to what people value and need. Embedding GRABS as a habit will help you do this more effectively.

The THINK Acrostic

Source: unknown

This acrostic is one of the most impactful frameworks for helping people change the way they interact with other people both one on one and in teams. Because we are hard wired as humans to be self centered especially when under stress, our communications often lack empathy and clarity. This acrostic serves as a behavioral script to help people press the “pause button” before speaking especially in high stakes situations. Once embedded as a habit its application can have a dramatic effect on both personal and business relationships.

Main Idea: Test the veracity of what you are about to communicate by factoring in your current emotional state and the quality/quantity of information at hand. If you are in a highly emotional state there is very good chance your objectivity has been reduced and or distorted. Remember that truth can be a matter of perspective and highly influenced by culture and protocol.

Main Idea: As in the truth, our perception of what is helpful is also a matter of perspective. Generally, when under pressure our ability or willingness to put curiosity in front of judgement is compromised. We are hard wired to judge the threat or reward nature of everything we perceive minute by minute. In these moments we need to exercise a certain level of discipline in order to accurately determine whether what we are about to say will be helpful for the relationship versus what will be helpful for us.

Main Idea: I am reminded about an anonymous quote, “long after people forget your words they will remember how you made them feel.” Basically it means when you communicate or mobilize people to action, how you communicate your message will either inspire them to be committed and engaged, or discourage them to the level of compliance and helplessness. Before you speak, again hit the pause button to determine which you want, inspiration or discouragement. The bad news is that despite your best efforts to the contrary, your body language, tone and volume likely make the difference. The good news is all three of these elements can be easily changed.

Necessary: Quite often in intense but friendly debates with my wife, especially about politics, I have caught myself going farther and deeper on particular point than is really needed or required. You might have witnessed this same phenomenon in the work setting where people will be more concerned about being right than actually learning either new information or better information about the other person’s perspective. Testing for “is it necessary” is perhaps one of the best strategies for communicating effectively especially in executive presentations. This is particularly true when the audience believes your intent is to show off versus be clear. In my coaching practice I promote the B.L.U.F approach – bottom line up front.

Kind: For me, this is the most important element in this wonderful acrostic. Testing for kindness is very seldom done in either the personal or business realm. In fact in my experience, kindness is sometimes considered a sign of weakness. The challenge for this one is that we deceive ourselves into believing that kindness takes time, a lot of energy and because we are busy and overwhelmed ourselves, we have an implicit licence to simply express ourselves. This is especially true when we are in a state of overwhelm because our company has launched more airplanes (aka projects and initiatives) than it can safely land. The fact is that we are social animals and how we connect with others makes the difference in how well we are able to cope with the pressures of  today’s fast paced, multicultural business environment. Kindness matters as does this whole THINK acrostic.

What do you THINK?

Why Acrostics Matter!

 As I share in this blog my acrostics accumulated from many years experience, I extend an invitation to all of you to send me your favourite acrostics to so I can showcase them as well in this blog.


John Brown and Harper's Ferry Essay

John Brown and Harper's Ferry Essay

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Imagine trying to lead a slave army to fight for the freedom of slaves.You think that would be something heroic, yet, someone got the death sentence by doing so.Although most readers of U.S history have argued that John Brown was courageous,closer examination shows that he was given the death sentence, and charged for treason ,murder,and used conspiracy to lead a slave army, but was therefore a martyr.
John brown was an abolitionist. If you were an abolitionist, you wanted to put an end to something,for instance slavery.There was no way you were gonna stop th
is man from his dream of ending slavery. John Brown became involved in these abolitionist movements in 1835.There were multiple abolitionist groups against slavery.
Harpers Ferry is not the only raid that John Brown has been involved in,but one of many. For instance, John Brown led a group in the Bleeding Kannas Crisis. He also led a Raid on Federal Armory.John Brown took part in the Pottawatomie Massacrea
also.This was on May 24th,1856. Five men who supported slavery were killed by John Brown, and his sons.John Brown, and his sons were never were caught they escaped.
John Brown believed in armed insurrection.John Brown didn’t believe things could be done peacefully.John Brown believed in violence to help solve problems.John Brown was a big believer in “action,”and John Brown felt a strong urge towards these actions.When he was a little boy,John Browns’s father taught him slavery was a sin against God. John Brown also taught his own children from the get go that slavery was wrong.John Brown needed support for theses actions through physical,emotional and finantial ways.
John Brown was an abolitionist as said before.He became so in the year ...

... middle of paper ...

... of downloads of the song being sold means it popular,right?Well Johns Brown Body song was like that.There was obvioulsy less people in the world back then but this song would have been a hit song.Thousands of papers of sheet music were sold.In this song the heroic actions of John Brown are told.The song begins talking about his body in the grave then goes on to talk about John Brown being a siolder.This song is an example of the legacy John Brown left behind and how imprtant his actions were to people. For many Northern people John Brown was rightious to try to help end the battle of slavery. Also on his death day, Brown was celabrated not only by free people but slaves.

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Alex Moore

Alex Moore

Born 22 July 1997, Alex studied A-Level Art at West Buckland School, North Devon.

Growing up in North Devon, Alex is inspired by the coastline around him, visiting local beaches such as Saunton and Woolacombe has hugely impacted Alex as an artist. For Alex, the sea means so much more than simply waves crashing on the shore; the power and beauty of the ocean is something he wishes to capture in every one of his paintings. Alex often visits Saunton, propping his canvas down on the cliff edge, trying to capture the sheer energy unleashed from the crashing waves.

Alex doesn't strive to paint a direct representation or technically impressive piece of art but rather create his own impression of the seascape around him, allowing you to view it through his eyes. To envoke a response within the viewer, changing their perspective, transporting them from a gallery into the sea itself.

Alex is often asked how he makes each of his works so different. Whilst the subject matter remains the same, each one of his paintings will be entirely unique. In reality, the sky and sea never remain the same, there is never the same sunset or cloud formation, the sky is ever changing and that is something that Alex wishes to emulate in his artwork.

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A Light Has Dawned  - Oil - Box Canvas - 35 x 35 inches - SOLD Growing up in North Devon, I ..
When The Storm Rages


What's happening with Stan Calvert varsity this year?

Sports News

After extensive discussions the decision has been taken not to run the Stan Calvert Memorial Cup this year, the traditional Newcastle University v Northumbria University varsity.  The varsity event has been taking place since 1994 with Newcastle taking 13 wins to Northumbria’s 10, with two draws in 1999 and 2003.

The current format for the varsity is that eligibility for teams is based upon competing in BUCS, and as Northumbria University have consistently reduced their BUCS programme over the past few years, the number of teams participating has vastly reduced. Over recent years there has been a 36% reduction in fixtures in the varsity, from 75 fixtures to 48, and following discussions it was clear that under current rules further reductions were likely this year following a restructure of sport at Northumbria. In essence, the Stan Calvert Memorial Cup was being diluted to the point where it was becoming untenable in its current format.  For example, popular sports such as Cycling, Fencing and Rowing have been cut from the programme entirely in the last few years.

Having spoken to our students and sports clubs it is clear that they feel the spirit of the varsity has been lost.  For example, in the 2018 competition fixtures were spread across the whole of February resulting in a diluted competitive atmosphere, whereas in the past the majority of fixtures were played over one weekend, Furthermore, the final matches which were historically played at a neutral venue such as Gateshead International Stadium where hundreds of students turned out to support, were moved more recently to Northumbria’s own home venue which attracted little or no support from Newcastle students.

Over the past 3 years there has been much discussion on potential changes that could be made to improve inclusivity, improve the competitive atmosphere, and regain the spirit of the varsity.  However, the changes put forward were not agreed by colleagues at Northumbria and therefore we felt that cancelling this year’s event and having a rethink about the format and ethos of the event would be a sensible way forward.

We look forward to a future constructive dialogue about potential ways to take the varsity forward with our counterparts at Northumbria once their restructure of sport is complete.


So, Wells Fargo has reached a $575 million settlement with 50 states and the District of Columbia over its bilking of hundreds of millions of dollars from customers by opening new accounts without authorization and using sleazy, manipulative practices (R-G, Dec. 29).

I will consider patronizing Wells Fargo banks when their top managers — those who cheated millions of customers — are serving long prison sentences.

Gary Cornelius, Eugene


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Journal Article

Waste Energy Driven Air Conditioning System (WEDACS)

In the port injected Spark Ignition (SI) engine, the single greatest part load efficiency reducing factor are energy losses over the throttle valve. The need for this throttle valve arises from the fact that engine power is controlled by the amount of air in the cylinders, since combustion occurs stoichiometrically in this type of engine. In WEDACS (Waste Energy Driven Air Conditioning System), a technology patented by the Eindhoven University of Technology, the throttle valve is replaced by a turbine-generator combination. The turbine is used to control engine power. Throttling losses are recovered by the turbine and converted to electrical energy. Additionally, when air expands in the turbine, its temperature decreases and it can be used to cool air conditioning fluid. As a result, load of the alternator and air conditioning compressor on the engine is decreased or even eliminated, which increases overall engine efficiency.
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Validation of a Reduced Chemical Mechanism Coupled to CFD Model in a 2-Stroke HCCI Engine

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion technology has demonstrated a profound potential to decrease both emissions and fuel consumption. In this way, the significance of the 2-stroke HCCI engine has been underestimated as it can provide more power stroke in comparison to a 4-stroke engine. Moreover, the mass of trapped residual gases is much larger in a 2-stroke engine, causing higher initial charge temperatures, which leads to easier auto-ignition. For controlling 2-stroke HCCI engines, it is vital to find optimized simulation approaches of HCCI combustion with a focus on ignition timing. In this study, a Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model for a 2-stroke gasoline engine was developed coupled to a semi-detailed chemical mechanism of iso-octane to investigate the simulation capability of the considered chemical mechanism and the effects of different simulation parameters such as the turbulence model, grid density and time step size.
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Towards Control-Oriented Modeling of Natural Gas-Diesel RCCI Combustion

For natural gas (NG)-diesel RCCI, a multi-zonal, detailed chemistry modeling approach is presented. This dual fuel combustion process requires further understanding of the ignition and combustion processes to maximize thermal efficiency and minimize (partially) unburned fuel emissions. The introduction of two fuels with different physical and chemical properties makes the combustion process complicated and challenging to model. In this study, a multi-zone approach is applied to NG-diesel RCCI combustion in a heavy-duty engine. Auto-ignition chemistry is believed to be the key process in RCCI. Starting from a multi-zone model that can describe auto-ignition dominated processes, such as HCCI and PCCI, this model is adapted by including reaction mechanisms for natural gas and NOx and by improving the in-cylinder pressure prediction. The model is validated using NG-diesel RCCI measurements that are performed on a 6 cylinder heavy-duty engine.
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The Impact of Operating Conditions on Post-Injection Efficacy; a Study Using Design-of-Experiments

Post-injection strategies prove to be a valuable option for reducing soot emission, but experimental results often differ from publication to publication. These discrepancies are likely caused by the selected operating conditions and engine hardware in separate studies. Efforts to optimize not only engine-out soot, but simultaneously fuel economy and emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) complicate the understanding of post-injection effects even more. Still, the large amount of published work on the topic is gradually forming a consensus. In the current work, a Design-of-Experiments (DoE) procedure and regression analysis are used to investigate the influence of various operating conditions on post-injection scheduling and efficacy. The study targets emission reductions of soot and NOx, as well as fuel economy improvements. Experiments are conducted on a heavy-duty compression ignition engine at three load-speed combinations.
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Styrofoam Precursors as Drop-in Diesel Fuel

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Spray Combustion Analysis of Humins

Second generation biomass is an attractive renewable feedstock for transport fuels. Its sulfur content is generally negligible and the carbon cycle is reduced from millions to tens of years. One hitherto non-valorized feedstock are so-called humins, a residual product formed in the conversion of sugars to platform chemicals, such as hydroxymethylfurfural and methoxymethylfurfural, intermediates in the production of FDCA, a building block used to produce the polyethylene furanoate (PEF) bottle by Avantium. The focus of this study is to investigate the spray combustion behavior of humins as a renewable alternative for heavy fuel oil (HFO) under large two-stroke engine-like conditions in an optically accessible constant volume chamber.
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Spray Analysis of the PFAMEN Injector

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Preliminary Investigation of a Bio-Based Low Sulfur Heavy Fuel Oil

Recently introduced sulfur caps on marine fuels in so-called sulfur emission control areas (SECAs) are forcing shipping companies to sail on more or less automotive grade diesel in lieu of the considerably less expensive, but sulfur-laden heavy fuel oil (HFO) to which they were accustomed. This development is an opportunity for a bio-based substitute, given that most biomass is sulfur free by default. Moreover, given that biomass is typically solid to start with, cracking it to an HFO grade, which is highly viscous in nature, will involve fewer and/or less harsh process steps than would be the case if an automotive grade fuel were to be targeted. In this study, a renewable low sulfur heavy fuel oil (LSHFO) has been produced by means of subcritical water assisted lignin depolymerization in the presence of a short length surfactant, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE).
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Porous Fuel Air Mixing Enhancing Nozzle (PFAMEN)

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Technical Paper

N-butanol, as a biomass-based renewable fuel, has many superior fuel properties. It has a higher energy content and cetane number than its alcohol competitors, methanol and ethanol. Previous studies have proved that n-butanol has the capability to achieve lower emissions without sacrifice on thermal efficiency when blended with diesel. However, most studies on n-butanol are limited to low blending ratios, which restricts the improvement of emissions. In this paper, 80% by volume of n-butanol was blended with 20% by volume of n-heptane (namely BH80). The influences of various engine parameters (combustion phasing, EGR ratio, injection timing and intake pressure, respectively) on its combustion and emission characteristics are tested at different loads. The results showed that when BH80 uses more than 40% EGR, the emitted soot and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions are below the EURO VI legislation.
Technical Paper

Oxygenated Fuel Composition Impact on Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Emissions

This paper reports on a study of a large number of blends of a low-sulfur EN-590 type diesel fuel respectively of a Swedish Class 1 fuel and of a synthetic diesel with different types of oxygenates. Oxygen mass fraction of the blends varied between 0 and 15 %. For comparison, the fuel matrix was extended with non-oxygenated blends including a diesel/water emulsion. Tests were performed on a modern multi-cylinder HD DAF engine equipped with cooled EGR for enabling NOx-levels between 2.0 and 3.5 g/kWh on EN-590 diesel fuel. Additional tests were done on a Volvo Euro-2 type HD engine with very low PM emission. Finally, for some blends, combustion progress and soot illumination was registered when tested on a single cylinder research engine with optical access. The results confirm the importance of oxygen mass fraction of the fuel blend, but at the same time illustrate the effect of chemical structure: some oxygenates are twice as effective in reducing PM as other well-known oxygenates.
Technical Paper

Optimization of Operating Conditions in the Early Direct Injection Premixed Charge Compression Ignition Regime

Early Direct Injection Premixed Charge Compression Ignition (EDI PCCI) is a widely researched combustion concept, which promises soot and CO2 emission levels of a spark-ignition (SI) and compression-ignition (CI) engine, respectively. Application of this concept to a conventional CI engine using a conventional CI fuel faces a number of challenges. First, EDI has the intrinsic risk of wall-wetting, i.e. collision of fuel against the combustion chamber periphery. Second, engine operation in the EDI regime is difficult to control as auto-ignition timing is largely decoupled from fuel injection timing. In dual-mode PCCI engines (i.e. conventional Dl at high loads) wall-wetting should be prevented by selecting appropriate (most favorable) operating conditions (EGR level, intake temperature, injection timing-strategy etc.) rather than by redesign of the engine (combustion chamber shape, injector replacement etc.).
Technical Paper

On-Board Plasma Assisted Fuel Reforming

It is well known that the addition of gaseous fuels to the intake manifold of diesel engines can have significant benefits in terms of both reducing emissions of hazardous gases and soot and improving fuel economy. Particularly, the addition of LPG has been investigated in numerous studies. Drawbacks, however, of such dual fuel strategies can be found in storage complexity and end-user inconvenience. It is for this reason that on-board refining of a single fuel (for example, diesel) could be an interesting alternative. A second-generation fuel reformer has been engineered and successfully tested. The reformer can work with both gaseous and liquid fuels and by means of partial oxidation of a rich fuel-air mix, converts these into syngas: a mixture of H₂ and CO. The process occurs as partial oxidation takes place in an adiabatic ceramic reaction chamber. High efficiency is ensured by the high temperature inside the chamber due to heat release.
Technical Paper

On a Model-Based Control of a Three-Way Catalytic Converter

Though very important for the system performance, the dynamic behavior of the catalytic converter has mainly been neglected in the design of exhaust emission control systems. Since the major dynamic effects stem from the oxygen storage capabilities of the catalytic converter, a novel model-based control scheme, with the explicit control of the converter's oxygen storage level is proposed. The controlled variable cannot be measured, so it has to be predicted by an on-line running model (inferential sensor). The model accuracy and adaptability are therefore crucial. A simple algorithm for the model parameter identification is developed. All tests are performed on a previously developed first principle model of the catalytic converter so that the controller effectiveness and performance can clearly be observed.
Technical Paper

Numerical Investigation of PPCI Combustion at Low and High Charge Stratification Levels

Journal Article

Non-Linear Full-Car Modeling and Sky-Hook Control for a Direct-Drive Active Suspension System

At Eindhoven University of Technology an active suspension system has been developed [1]. This system is superior to other active suspension in terms of bandwidth and power consumption. This active suspension system was tested on a quarter car setup and showed improvements of up to 48% in comfort [2]. In order to implement this suspension in a test vehicle with the same improvements, a non-linear full-car model is developed in this paper which is used to simulate and design various controllers. The non-linear model incorporates non-linear damping, bump stops, actuator saturation and actuator friction. To model the friction in the actuator a combination of Coulomb and viscous friction is used. To model the MacPherson suspension strut, two methods are described and compared. Also the implications of using acceleration sensors which are placed in line with the MacPherson strut are discussed.
Technical Paper

Modeling of an Automotive Exhaust Gas Converter at Low Temperatures Aiming at Control Application

The LEV/ULEV emission standards pose challenging problems on automotive exhaust gas treatment. This increases the need for good catalytic converter models, which can be applied for control. A dynamic converter model was made on the basis of first principles, accounting for the accumulation of mass in the bulk gas phase, in pores of the washcoat and on the catalytic surface, as well as for the energy accumulation in the gas and solid phase. The basis for the model is the elementary step kinetics of the individual global reactions. The main purpose of the model is to describe the low temperature behavior of the converter, when the majority of the emissions occur. The light-off process is analyzed in detail with different inputs. The biggest improvement occurs when secondary air is injected in front of the converter. The converter model is also coupled with a simple SI engine model to investigate the dynamic behavior of the whole system.


Food chemistry

Molecularly imprinted calixarene fiber for solid-phase microextraction of four organophosphorous pesticides in fruits.

PMID 26304345

Calixarene was used as a functional monomer to fabricate a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) by sol-gel technique for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of parathion-methyl and its structural analogs. The MIP-coated fiber possessed excellent thermal and chemical stability as well as high extraction capacity. Its selectivity and possible recognition mechanism were investigated. The similarities in molecular shape and functional group play a key role in the selective recognition of the imprinted material. Any changes to the structure of the template would decrease the imprinting factor. A comparison of MIP-SPME was made with liquid-liquid extraction coupled with gas chromatography for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in fruits. Much lower limits of detection and better recoveries were achieved by SPME in spiked apple and pineapple samples. The experiment demonstrates that the proposed method using the calixarene MIP fiber was more suitable for selective determination of trace OPPs in those fruit samples.


2. A persistent decrease in the level of consumer prices or a persistent increase in the purchasing power of money.
3. The lifting and removal of small, loose particles, especially silt and clay particles, by eddies of wind.

de·fla′tion·ar′y (-shə-nĕr′ē) adj.
de·fla′tion·ist n.

1. the act of deflating or state of being deflated
2. (Economics) economics a reduction in the level of total spending and economic activity resulting in lower levels of output, employment, investment, trade, profits, and prices. Compare disinflation
3. (Geological Science) geology the removal of loose rock material, sand, and dust by the wind
deˈflationary adj
deˈflationist n, adj

(dɪˈfleɪ ʃən)

1. the act of deflating or the state of being deflated.
2. a fall in the general price level or a contraction of available money (opposed to inflation). Compare disinflation.
3. the erosion of soil by the wind.
de•fla′tion•ar′y, adj.
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
Noun1.deflation - (geology) the erosion of soil as a consequence of sand and dust and loose rocks being removed by the wind; "a constant deflation of the desert landscape"
2.deflation - a contraction of economic activity resulting in a decline of prices
economic process - any process affecting the production and development and management of material wealth
inflation, rising prices - a general and progressive increase in prices; "in inflation everything gets more valuable except money"
3.deflation - the act of letting the air out of something
inflation - the act of filling something with air
إنْكِماش إقْتِصادي
hjöînun; minnkun

[diːˈfleɪʃən] N [of tyre etc] → desinflamiento m (Econ) → deflación f

[dɪˈfleɪʃən] n [economy] → déflation f

n (of tyre, ball)Luftablassen nt(of aus); (Fin) → Deflation f

[diːˈfleɪʃn] n (Econ) → deflazione f

(diˈfleit) verb
1. to let gas out of (a tyre etc).
2. to reduce (a person's) importance, self-confidence etc. He was completely deflated by his failure.
deˈflation noun
References in periodicals archive ?
Oil prices rebounded during the few months of 2019 as a result of strong compliance with production cuts by Opec, reviving the March-April quarter amid concerns of deflation weighing on Gulf economies, said an industry expert.
Concerns are now mounting about whether the economy is being dragged toward deflation. The data indicates the Bank of Korea (BOK) could consider a rate cut to boost the economy, but experts say it's too early to discuss whether Korea is on course toward deflation, and the central bank is unlikely to lower its rate anytime soon.
CPI in the reporting period recorded deflation of 0.18% (mtm), deeper than the 0.05% (mtm) posted the month earlier.
Deflation in vegetables was 20.18 percent in August, as against 14.07 percent in the previous month.
Price deflation was an ordinary phenomenon that did not provoke necessarily bad connotations.
BREXIT has so far had no impact on shop prices as deflation continues unabated, but consumers can expect to see costs rising in the first quarter of next year, according to a report.
Global Banking News-September 28, 2016--IMF says governments have to help central banks beat deflation
Summary: According to Rosstat, deflation continued in August as consumer prices were down 0.1% WoW for the second week in a row.
Keywords: financial stability, monetary policy, FOMC, debt deflation, dual mandate
In January to February, the deflation was as a result 2 per cent, Cystat said in a statement on its website on Thursday.


2018: Five ways to be happier

Five ways to be happier in 2018
PHOTO: IndianExpress

Tunde Ajaja, Beyond the merriment that accompanies the dawn of a New Year, it’s like a ritual for people to wish for, pray towards, hope for and draw up a plan to have a better year than the previous one.

At a popular bar on Sunday, the eve of the New Year, some of the men who had come to revel began sharing their New Year resolutions. As can be imagined, the resolutions people have for themselves in the year range from the truly inspiring to the downright laughable.

But, according to psychologists, having a better year goes beyond drawing up a good plan or making pleasant wishes. Thus, the following are some of the practical ways people could have a happier year:

Have a SMART resolution:

It is customary for people to have New Year resolutions, often aimed at self-improvement. In fact, in certain circles, people who don’t draw up a plan of action stand the risk of being seen as unserious. But findings have shown that there is a measure of joy and fulfilment people derive when they accomplish their targets. But in spite of the huge importance people attach to this activity, reports have shown that people rarely keep to their resolutions. A report by the Statistic Brain Research Institute in the United States found that only about 9.2 per cent of people who make New Year resolutions keep to them. It also found that only 72.6 per cent maintain their resolutions through the first week; 68.4 per cent make it past two weeks; 58.4 per cent make it past one month while only 44.8 per cent make it past six months.

But what is the solution? Experts have advised that people should make their resolutions specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-bound. They say people should write their resolutions down where they can see them regularly; people should be specific about the goals, by breaking them down into step-by-step plans, like cutting down on fries and going to the gym every Thursday to lose weight and not just plan to lose weight.

Also, experts say people should be patient with themselves, in spite of the need to make quick changes. Such goals should also be shared with close and trusted allies to also serve as watchers because self-control may not be enough.

Speaking on the need to have a workable resolution, a psychologist, Prof. Oni Fagboungbe, said people tend to fail when they refuse to plan. He said, “People would go to places of worship on December 31 and make resolutions and before the end of the first week in January they would have forgotten all they said. That is why we advise people to write their resolutions down, without sentiment. Look at the variables in your environment and make a plan. Number them and assign time limit. Then, start doing the things that would make it possible to achieve those goals. Start marking them one by one to know if you’re making progress.”

Take stock and improve:

According to a sociologist, Dr. Franca Attoh, there is no hard-and-fast rule about how to be happier in the year, noting that happiness is a choice made by the individual. She said what people should do is to reassess their positions, take stock of what happened to them the previous year, reappraise the situation to see where they fared well and where they fell short.

According to her, if there were places they did not fare well, they should strategise on what they would do to ensure things get better for them.

She said, “For me, I don’t really believe in some of the resolutions people make because some of them don’t work. But it depends on individuals. Christmas and New Year are a cycle and they enable us to sit back and do introspection on how far we have gone. If we believe that we are falling short in certain areas, we can take stock and improve on what we didn’t do well. Identify the things that made it impossible for you go beyond where you found yourself and then determine what you can do about it.

“Life is holistic. You can grow materially but if there is no emotional and spiritual balance, the individual would still be unhappy. That is why you should take stock.”

Have a financial plan:

It might appear somewhat unrealistic to have a workable financial plan at the beginning of the year, especially when people do not know the kind of expenses they would incur in the course of the year. But findings have shown that it is quite possible. Fagboungbe said having a financial plan helps people to become disciplined. Beyond that, it has been found to give people rest of mind, keep their anxiety in check and have a control over their finances.

“That is the problem with many of our people; they don’t have financial plans. They just spend money as it comes, usually on frivolities. It is at the end of the year that they discover that they have done nothing with all the money they made during the year,” he said.

Fagbohungbe was also quick to add that one of the things people waste money on in this part of the world is ceremonies like weddings. He noted that they often feel compelled to spend so much in the name of following the dictates of culture and tradition.

He said people should always do things within their means. Also, according to economists and financial experts, having a financial plan goes beyond planning to save more money. Rather, it helps when people specify what certain percentage of their income they want to save, invest, or set aside for miscellaneous and spend on family, a particular project, in-laws, etc. It should be noted that when people expend their resources as planned, by the end of the year, they tend to be more fulfilled.

Plan to live healthy:

One of the things that tend to mar people’s experiences in the year is poor health, which is sometimes a product of lifestyle and how much attention people pay to their health.

According to medical experts, it is important for people, especially adults, to mind what goes into their system (feeding habit) and go for check-up from time to time, especially the moment they notice anything untoward about their system.

It has been found that the chances of reducing the complications resulting from most ailments are avoidable if they are diagnosed on time and treatment commences as and when due. But due to lack of adequate attention and optimism, people take things for granted.

Thus, from what people eat to what they drink, the kind of weather they are exposed to, the things they do with their bodies and the kind of stress they subject themselves to, experts say paying attention to them plays a role in how much they would enjoy themselves in the year, which in turn influences their productivity and happiness.

Stay positive and have fun:

Inasmuch as people tend to have a goal they are working towards, they are also advised not to forget to have a life and stay positive.

Even though a lot of reward comes from multitasking and doing many things to boost one’s income, sometimes it could tell on the health of such persons. Thus, people are advised to work hard, create time for fun, spend wisely, give to those in need, which creates a feeling of fulfilment on its own and stay positive.

Fagboungbe said having a positive mentality is a motivational factor that could drive people in the pursuit of their goals.

“That is why you need to have a target or a goal you are working towards,” he added.

By Tunde Ajaja

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Yuliya Krevsun is a Ukrainian middle-distance athlete who specialises in the 800 metres. She is a member of the Fenerbahçe S.K. athletics club in Turkey. She won the silver medal at the 1999 European Athletics Junior Championships. In 2002–03 she...

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1. Philosophy and goals

The Laboratories don’t just cover the educational and teaching needs of the Department, but they are a field of research and creative activity, an essential institution of knowledge, research and creativity, with dynamics and vividness that are secured by its' educational perspectives.

In order to create a Laboratory in the frameworks of the Department of Traditional Music, it is necessary for its existence to be justified through activities and actions that demand the coordination of more than just one subject and course which are related to them. Their goal is to make the research and educational process easier in real conditions of producing a project (scientific or artistic). This project must be original, self-reliant and concerted to the general cognitive orientation of the Department. Under no circumstances a workshop can replace one or more courses. It can, on the contrary, embrace them and place them in a wider group of courses. More analytically:

Educational Purposes

The Laboratories must first cover the Department’s teaching needs, as they rise from the courses' nature. At the same time, they contribute to the students’ experience and training, offering them valuable necessities for the professional career.

Research Purposes

Taking advantage of the Department’s logistic structure, the laboratories should promote research through specific actions. They might proceed to documentation of actions, creation of data bases, formation of observation posts, development of scientific networks, realization of project plans, publications, performances, audio and text (written and electronic) releases, organization of seminars, lectures, conferences etc.

Creative purposes

The Department’s cognitive subjects favour the creative and artistic nature of the laboratories’ activities, which should not only be total study areas but also areas for creating culture.

Individual goals

For the laboratories' effective function, the educational, research and creative goals that were mentioned above, are organized on the basis of the special characteristics of the Department’s subjects, courses and activities in separated and productively structured goals.

2. Organization

Person in charge

For the laboratories' proper function there is an appointed academic in charge, that comes from the group of professors whose subjects are related to each laboratory.

The laboratories’ operating base is the courses taught in them - these courses are incorporated in the laboratories' philosophy and goals. The courses use the Laboratories’ dynamics, supervising abilities and structure so the students can be benefited by them in every possible way. These courses constitute a basic core, but there are other individual courses which can be used  in order to complete projects and activities. The laboratories give the students the ability to gain modern stepping stones in order to understand the real working environment. As an educational core, the laboratory offer prospects and point up every creative and professional challenge in the specific area.

The activity’s concept is about intergraded actions with a specific time limit, a goal and a plan. This planning is necessary for the infrastructures not only to be used in an effective and useful way but also to make facilitate their use. Activities might be part of a work plan which is planned within a semester by a course, a specific research activity, a specific production etc. As an important part of a research, the laboratory can be developed through collaborations, participation and developing activities. In a similar way, as far as creativity is concerned, the laboratory contributes to activities in collaboration with other institutions such as the local area’s scientific, cultural, artistic field and its spiritual life but also on an international level specific activities that are able to have an institutional nature. The laboratories’ goal is to give their activities an institutional character.

For the proper function of the laboratory, a function regulation is conducted and it includes all the proposals that direct matters of conducting, developing and evaluating courses, access matters, use and function of technical infrastructure, matters that are related to realizing activities and in general, communication matters of all who work within the laboratory’s framework.

The laboratory with fixed and temporary communication material, such as printed material, pamphlets, newsletters, special publications, electronic publications, websites, special communication software, posters etc. gets in contact with the outside environment, people, institutions and the public. The course to those communication means might be coordinated by programming activities as they were described. The communication responsibility towards the Department’s assembly exclusively belongs to the one who is responsible for the laboratory.

Student evaluation

According to the demands of each course, the students are evaluated by taking examinations, completing projects etc.

Laboratory evaluation

The laboratory, according to the original programming, moves forward to the procedure of self-evaluation so it can be lead to inventive redefinitions and incremental programs, activities, setting goals etc. The final purpose of each evaluating process is to improve and increase the ability in achieving its goals.

Each infrastructure of the laboratories belong to the Department and other members of the Department can use them. However, they are prioritized according to the laboratory’s goals.


Honoring the taste of place.

At Wayward Seed, we strive to be an example of Ohio at its best. We’re passionate about selecting the vegetable varieties that not only promote Ohio’s farming heritage, but bring the very best flavor to your table.

Always maintaining a direct connection between the farm and consumer.

We believe in total transparency between producers and consumers. We want you to be connected to the process from our field to your plate.

Returning the fertility removed by farming.

The Wayward Seed Farm utilizes three main farming principles: raised beds, composting and proper crop rotation. Plants are given a healthy foliar feeding program of seaweed, fish emulsion and humus. To maintain a healthy balance, we apply various rock powders, cover crops and aged compost throughout the year.


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 2016期开奖结果65期资料
历史频道> 环球风云> 2016期开奖结果65期资料

  On paper, a 31-year-old man found to have serious mental illnesses was released from a New York state prison in September 2017 after serving 10 years behind bars for two robberies.

  But in reality, the man, who asked to be identified by his initials C.J., still wakes up each day inside a maximum-security prison in Stormville. Though he is technically free, he is still confined to a cell because of a Kafkaesque bureaucratic dilemma: The state requires people like him to be released to a supportive housing facility, but there is not one available.

  Lawyers for C.J. and five other mentally ill men filed a federal lawsuit in Manhattan on Wednesday seeking to force Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo to address a shortage of housing for people with serious mental illnesses who need help adjusting to life outside prison walls.

  The men are no longer being held in prison because they committed offenses, their lawyers argue, but because the state has determined they are likely to become homeless once released — a practice they contend amounts to discrimination under federal civil rights laws.

  Four of the men, including C.J., have finished their maximum prison sentences and maintain their confinement also violates their constitutional rights to due process and protections against cruel and unusual punishment. The plaintiffs have asked the court to allow them to proceed anonymously because their lawsuit discusses sensitive personal information and they fear retaliation from prison guards.

  Corrections records indicate the men are in “residential treatment facilities” — housing where residents are able to move about freely to seek jobs, visit family and pursue educational opportunities.

  But the lawsuit says that label, as the state has applied it to 13 prisons, is a fraud, because the men are being held and treated as other prisoners are. They are locked in cells that have room for a bed and a few possessions. They are required to wear inmate uniforms. They cannot receive packages.

  “Though labeled ‘releasees,’ they remain prisoners in every respect,” the complaint said.

  The state continues to hold the men “because they are unable to secure a community-based mental health housing placement that does not exist due to lack of available beds,” the complaint said. In effect, the state has lengthened their incarceration, “undermining the most basic principle undergirding the criminal justice system: that a criminal sentence, once imposed by a judge, means what it says,” the lawsuit said

  The lawsuit, which names the state corrections department and mental health office as defendants, was filed by the Legal Aid Society and Disability Rights New York, who are seeking class-action status on behalf of all inmates held in state prisons beyond their release dates solely because they are waiting to be placed in supportive housing.

  It remained unclear on Wednesday how many mentally ill people were being held in prison past their release dates.

  Jessica Riley, a spokeswoman for the state Office of Mental Health, declined to comment on the allegations in the lawsuit, but said the state has “one of the most robust supportive housing networks in the nation for individuals with mental illness,” with about 44,000 units.

  C.J. has been diagnosed with bipolar II disorder and antisocial personality disorder, court papers said. As his release date approached, he was enrolled in a re-entry program that was preparing him to be set free in Orange County, where he was looking forward to seeing his daughter for the first time since he went to prison. He had obtained a G.E.D. and a vocational certificate in prison and hoped to get a job.

  But the day before he was scheduled to be released, C.J. was transferred to another prison, and later, to the Green Haven Correctional Facility in Stormville. His mental condition has worsened since his release date passed, and he has been repeatedly placed on suicide watch, according to the lawsuit.

  “Every day is hard, very hard,” C.J. said in written responses to questions from The New York Times. “I wake up and I look around and I don’t understand why I am here.”

  The lawsuit does not seek an order requiring the six men to be freed. Rather, it asks that the state remove “the only barrier to their release” by creating more supportive housing for mentally ill people being released from prison.

  The complaint cites a 1999 Supreme Court ruling in Olmstead v. L.C., which held that public institutions must provide community-based services to people with mental illnesses who need and desire them.

  For decades since the civil rights movement, public pressure had built on states to take mentally ill people out of psychiatric hospitals and place them in settings where they could participate in society, an effort called “deinstitutionalization.”

  But over the years, as psychiatric hospitals closed and lawmakers toughened crime and sentencing policies, more people with mental illnesses wound up incarcerated. Though prisons and jails developed treatment programs, few of them were effective, advocates for the mentally ill said.

  About 4,000 people receiving mental health treatment in New York State prisons are released each year, and more than half of them have serious disorders like schizophrenia that severely limit their ability to function independently, according to the state Office of Mental Health.

  Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo has committed the state to building 20,000 new supportive housing units, and state lawmakers so far have allocated .6 billion to create the first 6,000 units by 2021.

  But the lawsuit asserts that, under Governor Cuomo, the Office of Mental Health has neglected requests from counties across the state to build additional housing for former prisoners with mental disorders.

  Such housing programs, where residents receive psychiatric care and learn skills like cooking and using mass transit, offer opportunities to participate in public life that prisons do not, mental health advocates say.

  But waiting lists have grown longer as the state has eliminated beds from its psychiatric hospitals. The roughly 44,000 spaces available for the mentally ill are about half of what is needed, said Antonia Lasicki, the executive director of the Association for Community Living, which represents supportive-housing operators.

  Despite the state’s commitment to build more supportive housing, the creation of units has not kept pace with demand, and existing facilities are struggling to stay open, Ms. Lasicki and other advocates said. State funding “is barely enough to cover the rent,” she said.

  “So that’s the problem right there in the nutshell,” Ms. Lasicki added. “They’re very underfunded.”

  2016期开奖结果65期资料【暗】【影】【兵】【团】，【还】【有】【一】【个】【名】【字】，【黑】【影】【兵】【团】。【代】【表】【着】【邪】【恶】【的】【黑】【手】【势】【力】，【受】【圣】【主】【的】【控】【制】。 【暗】【影】【兵】【团】【的】【每】【一】【个】【忍】【者】，【都】【是】【不】【死】【之】【身】，【是】【影】【子】【所】【化】。【虽】【说】【这】【些】【忍】【者】【对】【于】【现】【阶】【段】【的】【陈】【辰】【来】【说】，【只】【不】【过】【是】【蝼】【蚁】，【但】【对】【于】【成】【龙】【他】【们】【那】【些】【普】【通】【人】【来】【说】，【暗】【影】【兵】【团】【可】【是】【很】【厉】【害】【的】。 【小】【玉】【藏】【在】【暗】【处】【看】【着】【这】【一】【切】，【此】【时】【的】【小】【玉】【还】【是】【第】【一】【次】【接】【触】

【王】【世】【天】【看】【着】【这】【一】【幕】，【惊】【喜】【异】【常】，【知】【道】【现】【在】【不】【是】【墨】【迹】【的】【时】【候】，【于】【是】【仰】【天】【长】【啸】【一】【声】【就】【开】【始】【冲】【刺】。 【大】【阵】【在】【两】【人】【的】**【协】【力】【之】【下】，【终】【于】【被】【彻】【底】【毁】【灭】，【这】【个】【大】【殿】【也】【终】【于】【恢】【复】【原】【貌】。【既】【然】【大】【殿】【已】【经】【恢】【复】，【这】【也】【就】【意】【味】【着】【王】【世】【天】【再】【次】【拥】【有】【了】【大】【殿】【禁】【地】【的】【控】【制】【权】。 【他】【不】【再】【犹】【豫】，【伸】【出】【手】【将】【大】【殿】【控】【制】，【随】【手】【一】【挥】，【一】【道】【光】【芒】【就】【将】【两】【人】

  【我】【不】【知】【道】【之】【后】【的】【那】【些】【日】【子】【里】【我】【们】【是】【否】【还】【能】【再】【见】，【我】【真】【的】【不】【知】【道】。【在】【没】【有】【吕】【行】【的】【这】【些】【日】【子】【里】，【她】【就】【是】【我】【的】【百】【忧】【解】，【那】【两】【次】【见】【面】，【也】【是】【我】【在】【这】【段】【时】【间】【里】【最】【开】【心】【的】【时】【光】。 【深】【冬】【的】【足】【迹】【向】【我】【们】【一】【步】【步】【逼】【近】，【我】【们】【一】【起】【度】【过】【的】【那】【个】【阳】【光】【明】【媚】【的】【日】【子】【从】【她】【离】【开】【后】【就】【像】【失】【踪】【了】【一】【样】，【我】【从】【来】【没】【体】【会】【过】【这】【番】【彻】【骨】【的】【冷】【意】，【就】【好】【像】【自】【己】【从】2016期开奖结果65期资料【前】【世】【的】【小】【公】【主】【是】【单】【独】【找】【到】【伊】【卡】【谈】【论】【这】【件】【事】【的】，【所】【以】【判】【决】【巫】【女】【格】【丽】，【大】【家】【一】【直】【都】【以】【为】【是】【公】【主】【想】【帮】【伊】【卡】【出】【气】。 【但】【现】【在】，【安】【乐】【把】【伊】【卡】【唤】【到】【自】【己】【身】【边】，【问】【出】【这】【样】【的】【问】【题】，【周】【围】【一】【圈】【人】【都】【竖】【起】【了】【耳】【朵】，【想】【要】【听】【听】【这】【位】【圣】【骑】【士】【会】【如】【何】【表】【达】【自】【己】【的】【爱】【意】【与】【忠】【诚】。 【伊】【卡】【也】【知】【道】【周】【围】【有】【人】【在】【听】，【圣】【骑】【士】【不】【能】【是】【心】【狠】【手】【辣】【的】【人】，【也】【不】【能】

  【转】【眼】【就】【是】【八】【月】【了】。 【八】【月】【才】【开】【头】，【一】【场】【大】【战】【就】【拉】【开】【了】【序】【幕】。 【历】【经】【半】【年】【多】【的】【制】【作】，'【周】【氏】【传】【媒】【兄】【弟】【总】【算】【是】【赶】【上】【了】【档】【期】，【耗】【费】【巨】【资】【开】【始】【宣】【传】《【江】【城】【堡】【垒】》。 【他】【们】【是】【打】【算】【将】【碰】【瓷】【王】【小】【白】【进】【行】【到】【底】【了】。 【虽】【然】【在】【这】【场】【号】【称】【耗】【子】【一】【个】【亿】【的】【宣】【传】【大】【战】'【中】，【他】【们】【没】【有】【指】【名】【点】【姓】【的】【碰】【瓷】【王】【小】【白】，【可】【却】【在】【宣】【传】【的】【时】【候】，【处】【处】【打】

  “【这】【就】【是】【你】【相】【中】【的】【人】？” 【遥】【远】【东】【方】【的】【五】【行】【山】【脉】【之】【中】，【巨】【大】【漆】【黑】【的】【身】【影】【收】【回】【了】【自】【己】【的】【目】【光】。 【正】【悠】【然】【欣】【赏】【此】【地】【充】【满】【毁】【灭】【与】【堕】【落】【美】【感】【风】【景】【的】【雪】【莉】【轻】【轻】【一】【笑】，“【啊】【啦】，【你】【在】【看】【他】【呀】？” “【是】【他】【在】【看】【我】。”【漆】【黑】【的】【身】【影】【平】【淡】【道】。 “【呵】【呵】，【这】【种】【语】【气】【真】【不】【愧】【是】【你】【啊】，【莱】【斯】【利】。【即】【使】【是】【在】【我】【们】【之】【中】，【你】【也】【是】【最】【顶】【尖】【的】【逸】

  【南】【蛮】【猎】【山】【大】【殿】。 【众】【人】【等】【待】【了】【许】【久】，【终】【于】【一】【道】【灵】【光】【从】【大】【殿】【门】【口】【飞】【入】。 【只】【见】【大】【长】【老】【的】【手】【中】，【提】【着】【一】【个】【被】【废】【之】【人】，【此】【人】【不】【是】【别】【人】，【正】【是】【被】【他】【废】【了】【四】【肢】【的】【齐】【嘉】【明】。 【此】【时】【的】【齐】【嘉】【明】，【全】【身】【上】【下】【都】【是】【血】，【根】【本】【看】【不】【清】【模】【样】，【如】【果】【不】【是】【他】【的】【衣】【服】，【根】【本】【没】【有】【人】【能】【看】【得】【出】【他】【就】【是】【齐】【嘉】【明】。 【跟】【在】【大】【长】【老】【身】【后】【的】，【便】【是】【烈】【连】【岐】

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