Townhouse Vs Apartment Pros And Cons- An Ultimate Guide To Make You Satisfy!

Townhouse vs Apartment Pros  And Cons

There are many factors to consider when deciding whether to live in a townhouse vs apartment. Cost is often the biggest factor, as apartments are typically cheaper than townhouses. However, townhouses usually offer more space and privacy than apartments. Another consideration is maintenance; townhouses often have an association fee that covers exterior maintenance, while apartments typically do not. Location is also important; townhouses are usually located in suburban areas, while apartments are typically found in urban areas. So today, let’s talk in-depth about Townhouse Vs Apartment Pros and Cons.

What is Townhouse?

A townhouse is a type of dwelling that shares walls with other dwellings in a row or block. Townhouses are usually in groups of three to five, and each has its entrance from the street.

The term “townhouse” can also refer to a freestanding unit in a group of residences, such as a condo or co-op. In this case, the townhouse would have its entrance, but the grounds and common areas would be shared with the other units in the group.

Townhouses are a popular housing option for many people because they offer more privacy than apartments, but they’re usually more affordable than single-family homes. If you’re considering buying or renting a townhouse, you should keep a few things in mind.

What is an Apartment?

An apartment is a housing unit that is part of a larger building. The building may be a high-rise, a mid-rise, or a low-rise. There are many apartments, including studio, one-bedroom, two-bedroom, and three-bedroom apartments. Apartments are usually leased for a set period, such as one year.

An apartment provides tenants with their own private living space. Usually, an apartment includes a kitchen, a bathroom, and one or more bedrooms. Some apartments also have balconies or patios. Sometimes, an apartment may be located on the top floor of a building and have access to a roof deck.

Let’s Start the Complete Discussion on Townhouse Vs Apartment Pros and Cons

The debate of townhouse vs apartment has been raging for years, with no end. But maybe it's time to finally have a complete discussion on the pros and cons of each option.

On the one hand, a townhouse gives you more space and privacy than an apartment. You also have your yard and don't have to share common areas with neighbors. But on the other hand, an apartment is usually cheaper and easier to maintain than a townhouse. Plus, you often have access to amenities like a swimming pool or gym that you wouldn't have in a townhouse.

So what's the verdict? It depends on your specific needs and preferences. If you want more space and privacy, a townhouse might be the better option. But if you're looking for something cheaper and easier to maintain, an apartment could be better suited.

Get To Know About Townhouse

Townhouses are one of the coolest residential units for living with family. They usually have a good name for centuries.

Just like their name, they are situated in town and city areas. With their great design and living structure, most people love living in townhouses.

Yet, townhouses have good benefits with a few drawbacks. So, if you are planning to live in townhouses, check its pros and cons down below:

Pros Of Living In A Townhouse

For a novice who doesn’t know about townhouses, they have good benefits for living. There are many pros of townhouses that make them popular. Yet, we have made a good list of townhouse advantages for your ease. Read them out:

Lower Maintenance

Living in townhouses helps greatly for you with less maintenance. So, you don’t have to worry about towing weeds, cutting tree leaves or grasses, trimming shrubs, etc. Plus, townhouses allow you to live well without no maintaining the outer yard. And they take care of outside issues well.

Good Environment

Townhouses are famed for giving fine surroundings. In 21st-century society, they have a fine location outside. You can also locate anything handy for shopping, dining, or restaurants. And, they are usually made in city areas so you can find anything from outside.

Brilliant Sense Of Community

If you are extroverted and love to live in a strong community, the townhouses are excellent. They are usually situated in community areas where a few neighbors are a few hundred yards. Also, owners made townhouses so that a good amount of people live within a short distance.

Another benefit of living in townhouses is amenities that ensure uniformity, simplicity, and comfort. Most townhouse architects include HOA fees and purchase prices with great service and facilities. It adds swimming pools, car washing, trash service, pest control, etc.

Affordability & Savings

Do you know townhouses are less expensive to purchase and cause fewer bills? They are a great choice for living for single-family. Also, townhouses cause fewer costs, such as house bills and rents. This house unit plan is way friendlier for a family than a detached home with a backyard.

More Space

You’ll be blown by looking at townhouses' space point that allows lavish living. They are also roomy with clever windows for open lighting to living luxury with no hitch. Townhouses are an ideal pick for busy retirees or small families to live in good space. And, they have fine freedom.

Cool Design

Townhouses are super cool in design with a good footprint. They are usually built with quality floor plans, roof, and ceiling design in a correct structure. Also, townhouses are functional with a simple yet elegant design.

Cons Of Living In A Townhouse

Even though townhouses are good with many benefits, they still have some downsides too. For a few disbenefits, some people go with a single-family home. So, let’s take a closer look into the disadvantages of townhouses:

Lower Privacy

Out of all, you will get lower privacy when living in townhouses. Surely, they have good space benefits but sharing a physical wall with neighbors lessens privacy. Even if we find this issue not tricky yet, it can disturb some people. And, the backyard in townhouses won’t be fully private.

Noise Trouble

If you live in townhouses, you’ll hear more noise inside the home as they are attached on both sides. It is one of the reasons a few people move to detached homes. Also, you can hear your neighbor's TV sounds, arguments, and other sounds at any time.

Get To Know About Apartment

Apartments are modern vibe residential unit that allows a good living atmosphere and good privacy. They usually have a unique design and layout for living.

And apartments can be small or bigger, yet they offer good building compression. They as well include car parking, pools, and other service benefits.

Generally, they have good advantages as well as hitches. Before announcing a winner among townhouse vs apartment pros and cons, read down below:

Pros Of Living In An Apartment

Apartments are excellent residential unit that holds a large number of benefits to live in. For people with limited incomes, an apartment is an excellent option with fine advantages. Check out all the pros of living in apartments:

Apartments have a good lifestyle and design for living well. They as well made with the urban complexion to move in. Apartments have improved design to be close to cinemas, bars, shopping stores, and other locations.

Apartments are well-protected for you to live well. They also have multiple doors and strong security with the main and floor door to stay well. And, apartments have costs and expenses to ensure top-notch safety. Plus, they have strong protection against thieves to live cozily.

Easy To Maintain

They have a big and elegant space. Still, apartments give low maintenance. Living in an apartment will help you get rid of working or fixing problems faster. You also will be liberated from dishwashers and other repairs to save extra payments if living in apartments.

Ease Of Cleaning

One of the most effective benefits of apartments is the ease of cleaning. They have a great design that causes less cleaning for easiness. Living in apartments also ensures investing your energy, such as a gym. In short, apartments give no hitch on cleaning.

Apartments are designed super simple and convenient. Even if the space is not bigger, you will surely have a living room, bedroom, bathroom, and kitchen in the apartment.

They also provide good quaint for living well. And, apartments are fine for college kids, single women, or bachelors. Thus, the size of apartments is a plus point for most people to live.

You can save your home bills and rent if you live in an apartment. The apartments are super responsible and less burden when saving bills and rents. They also allow saving extra costs for you to live snugly. Plus, apartments are good for servicing and facilities.

Short-Term Alternative

Living in an apartment is great for a short-term period. Apartments also give you good freedom to simply shift from other houses. For its great flexibility, you can live in apartments for 3 months to 1 year. And so, most people love to live in apartments for a short period.

Cons Of Living In An Apartment

Apartments are well-known for their benefits among most people. Aside from benefits, there are a few downsides to apartments. They also have possible disbenefits that some people dislike. Check them out:

The parking area of apartments is a drawback. Usually, apartments have a smaller area to park cars or other transport. And, apartments can block allocated parking. Plus, they can give a challenge to visitors and travelers for parking.

Smaller Space

One of the most weaknesses of apartments is their smaller space. The apartments are generally smaller in space compared to other residential units. Due to the small space, you cannot place more decorative stuff.  Yet, the space of the apartment will be perfect for a bachelor.

Final Touch

Both townhouse vs apartment pros and cons are famous picks for renters as a living alternative.

If you are one of those who want good space and comfort with great amenities, townhouses are an ideal pick. They are also good in lifestyle.

On the flip side, if you want a smaller space, safer, and noise-free atmosphere, then apartments are a good choice. They are also comfortable for bachelors.

Frequently Asked Question

What is the Difference in Size Between a Townhouse And an Apartment?

Townhouses typically offer more space than apartments. This extra space can be in the form of additional bedrooms, bathrooms, or living areas. If you need extra space, a townhouse is likely to be a better option than an apartment.

What is the Main Difference Between a Townhouse And an Apartment?

The main difference between a townhouse and an apartment is that a townhouse typically has its own private outdoor space, while an apartment does not.

Which is More Expensive, a Townhouse or an Apartment?

The townhouse cost can vary depending on the size and location, but it is generally more expensive than an apartment.

Which Home is Better For Families, a Townhouse or an Apartment?

Families often prefer townhouses because they offer more privacy and space than apartments. However, each family’s needs are different, so it is important to consider all factors before deciding.

More To Read:

Last Updated: Oct 03, 2022

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The Vampire Slayers

The book Dracula by famous author Bram Stoker has been the inspiration for many vampire movies. One famous character from that book was Abraham Van Helsing. In this story, Van Helsing was a man of science who became the archenemy of the vampire Dracula.  Stoker once stated that the Van Helsing character was based on a real person. But who?

One possible candidate is Georg Andreas Helwing who was born on the 14th of December, 1666. During the early 1700’s, there was a rash of supposed vampire sightings and attacks in Europe. This period became known as the 18th Century Vampire Controversy.  Many people banded together determined to hunt vampires into extinction.

A descendant of Georg Helwing recently discovered a journal that belonged to Georg Helwing. In this journal there was a reference to two friends, Aleksander Petrovic and Mikolaj Kowalski, who were helping Helwing with the task of exterminating the undead.  Helwing's journal goes on to state that both disappeared at separate times while investigating a member of the Slovanti family in 1728.  So what happened to these two vampire slayers?

Back In Time has been hired by a descendant of Georg Helwing to send a team back to Slovanti’s house in 1728 to determine the fate of these two vampire slayers and perhaps determine if vampires truly existed during this period.

Do you and your team have what it takes to uncover the fate of Helwing's two associates or will you be lost in time as well?  Sign up for this mission and find out!

This room is recommended for all players with BEGINNER and ADVANCED levels available.


In Delhi, the MCD workers were on strike for their salary issue. Now after promise from government side they called off the strike. The political parties are now entering in the issue and try to make profit out of it. Members of each political party can be seen picking garbage to blame other party for the situation in Delhi.

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What steps should you take after a car accident?

On Behalf of | Nov 18, 2022 | Personal Injury

A car accident can cause serious physical and emotional harm and make it harder for you to go back to living a normal life. If you recently got involved in a collision, it may take some time for you to go back to work, school and your other regular activities.

Motor vehicle collisions are common and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that in 2020, nearly 41,000 people in the U.S. died in car accidents. Taking the following steps can improve the recovery process while helping you protect your interests.

Seek medical attention

Even if you did not get seriously injured in the car accident or believe you sustained any injuries, you should still see a doctor after the crash. In some cases, car accident injuries will begin to manifest several days following the initial trauma.

Write down your personal account

As you move forward from the collision, the details of the accident may start to become less clear. As soon as you are able, write down what happened during the car accident from your perspective.

Accumulate documentation

Start putting together documentation that supports your perspective of the car accident. For example, obtain the names and numbers of any witnesses who saw the accident as well as copies of your medical records related to treating your injuries.

It can take time to recover from a car accident and feel like life has gone back to normal. Seeking medical attention and following your physician’s instructions, as well as gathering applicable documentation, can help you protect your right to fair and proper compensation.


Beitrittsdatum: 15. Mai 2022

Amrutha Spoken English Book In Telugu Pdf Free 57 gaberm

Download: https://urluso.com/2kh8m4

Amrutha is a female name, . in colloquial Telugu. The author feels that the name Amrutha means 'fragrant'. Book Title: Amrutha. Title Page: Page 5. Publisher: Publisher Name: Publisher Year: 1961.Post navigation e-town.net The DigiTown project was started by a group of programmers at Poland’s University of Wrocław in late 2000. The team consisted of four student programmers, including a very young and enthusiastic new member: Michal Śliwka. We decided to make an attempt to write a clone of Atari’s e-town as a 32bit game. The game’s architecture was developed using our custom programming language, which we named Modula-3-E. This was the first version of the game, which was later rewritten from scratch using C#. Modula-3-E was a very simple language with many similarities to an actual assembly code. Modula-3-E was based on simple object-oriented concepts. The digiTown project was one of the first Open Source projects and its authors aimed to push the boundaries of game development on personal computers. Modula-3-E was written in C# and its source code is available at DigiTown website. The game was published by 1C Company in February 2001, and it received a good response at the time. It is worth mentioning that the game cost only $500 to make, while high-end games at that time usually cost around $3,000.Q: how to disable the button if the input field in the same row as the button is empty? i have a table in which the user can add and remove rows. when i click add row, a dialog box appears where the user can input the data. If the user clicks cancel, the row can be removed, but if he does not, the row should not be removed. how can i do that? the code i have is this: $(document).ready(function(){ $('.dialog-confirm').dialog({ resizable: false, height:140,

Amrutha Spoken English Book In Telugu Pdf Free 57 gaberm

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Why positive psychology has a place in schools

Why positive psychology has a place in schools

Could the field of positive psychology be a lever in education for schools that focus more on children's happiness and health, rather than on academic knowledge, goals and motivation?

Certainly education is not independent of the trends that generally move in our economic system or society. It would be a mistake to treat education as dependent on teachers' knowledge or educational level as something independent.

But there is an appreciation that scientists in positive psychology can provide ideas and solutions for a school that is happier, more productive, and more adapted to the needs of children.

Psychology has been involved in education generally since the 1930s in many developed countries, so its theoretical reinforcement with elements of positive psychology would have been more of a form of upgrading. We should not consider that the idea of education as a means of happiness and fulfillment for man is new. Aristotle from his time argued that this should be the goal.

How is education related to positive psychology?

According to research, teachers realize that education is inevitably linked to students' emotional health and well-being. Finally, in the hierarchy of needs for good education, emotional support is perhaps also a prerequisite for the process of knowledge and assimilation.

A 2013 study confirms that the emotional health of young children can lead to improved performance at older ages. In other words, positive education does not focus on one's mental health at the expense of academic knowledge, but it lays the groundwork and provides the opportunity for more effective education.

In-class discussion is considered one of the key aspects of this endeavor, in particular combined with teacher-defined recognition. This method not only ensures that the children are ready for the next day, but also ready to participate in a live discussion.

Happy teacher means happy students too

The issue of positive education is not just about students but also about teachers. It is part of the broader objective of teacher happiness and satisfaction. A happy teacher can best convey the message that knowledge is joy and power in the end.

Of course, the happiness of a person - as well as that of an educator - cannot be guaranteed unless their income is examined. It is certainly not a coincidence, as research shows, that the teachers of those who receive a lower salary are not able to offer the same psychological support in their class as those who are well-paid. And if not, this is perfectly reasonable and next. The fact that a system that is concerned with the mental health and well-being of students and teachers must surely capture valuable pay and employment relationships to achieve the goals.

Practicing emotional intelligence

Social and emotional knowledge are issues that usually go through the education cycle itself. However, this knowledge is undoubtedly valuable both for the present and for the future of children, as they can be a means of avoiding problematic behaviors and promoting spiritual balance and well-being.

In particular, children manage to:

- discover their personal sources of joy

- learn to express gratitude

- freely express their feelings through art, movement, speech

- express their happy thoughts and memories

It is a chapter that is deeply rooted and has a great deal of research and development potential. And if the system responds with a commitment to how it can introduce integrated programming that covers all aspects of education, positive school psychology, then only society should win.

By Dr Angel,

Aggeliki Koskeridou

Holistic Doctor – Counseling Psychotherapist

Doctor of Naturopathic Medicine

MSc Health Psychology

insta: dr_aggelikikoskeridou_official

Maslow, A.H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review 50(1), 370-396. doi:10.1037/h0054346

Seligman, M.E.P., Ernst, R.M., Gillham, J., Reivich, K., Linkins, M. (2009). Positive education: positive psychology and classroom interventions. Oxford Review of Education, 35(3), 293-311. doi:10.1080/03054980902934563

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On Poland and Power

Coordination & Electricity

by ,

Fifth Estate # 310, Fall 1982

Thanks again for running my article on Poland, and for E.B. Maple’s reply. (See FE #309, June 19, 1982, “The Collapse in Poland”) Maple seems a little over-anxious for a dispute on the questions raised, in some cases going out of his way to misinterpret what I say, and to ignore parts of the article in which I clearly distinguish the revolutionary movement from the organizations which speak for it, and from the capitalist state which cannot be reformed or seized. Still, there are several points on which we genuinely disagree.

I spoke of power in the primary sense of the word, “the capability of producing an effect, the ability to act,” not in the secondary meaning of the word, “control over others.” In this sense it should be clear that power doesn’t need to be destroyed, but needs instead to be democratically realized. Through a revolutionary movement formerly powerless individuals would collectively achieve power, would achieve the ability to effect and shape their world to answer their own desires. Achieving this collective ability is what I mean by the “seizure of power,” and it will require seizing decision-making from the capitalist dynamic and managerial minority now shaping our world.

To achieve this control over our world, people will need control over the material forces which shape their lives—the production of food, the design of cities, the supply of electricity, the system of transportation, housing, media, the peacefulness of neighboring countries or regions, and so on. As mundane as it may seem, the democratic production and management of food, housing, energy and other factors will be an integral part of our freedom and make possible a revolution in daily life.

In Poland these factors are all controlled by the State. But just because we want to abolish the State doesn’t mean we want to renounce control over these factors of our lives, or to leave them to chance. Unfortunately, control of these factors may require continued involvement in production processes inherited from capital. It happens that in Poland, for instance, the country’s electricity is largely supplied by its coal production. E.B. Maple can denounce my suggestion that decisions on coal production are important to Poles, but he must also then denounce people’s control of their electricity supply, and the activities made possible by electricity. No matter what happens in Poland, coal will be, at the least, a crucial transitional fuel, and it is therefore important that Poles be able to stop production for foreign-exchange export, maximize safety in the mines, regulate environmental impact of mining, and have all decisions on coal production in their hands. Of course, the social-political issue of the destruction of state and capital and the initiation of democratic communism is more important than any technical question. However, Maple’s comments on coal exemplify an approach that is so eager to denounce all aspects of society as it is, that it completely loses touch with what in practice will make our lives more our own, more social, more free.

Maple implies that I endorsed “a state freed from class rule.” I made no such endorsement, and in fact, specifically commented in the article: “the organs of self-management cannot tolerate the existence of the old state/managerial apparatus. ‘The workers councils are the only power or they are nothing.'”

If people are to live collectively and democratically, and not as isolated individuals, they will have to create structures for the coordination of their activities. Only full democracy and thoroughgoing participation will prevent these structures from becoming a new State, a power separate from and above all the people of the society. Despite the danger of a new State, coordinating structures are a necessary element of the collective realization of freedom.

The anarchist ideology of “power must be destroyed” has too often been the code words for: No coordination of the movement or society, no structure for the movement or society (even a temporary and mutually agreed-on structure), total autonomy of each individual from all other individuals, no control over anything by anybody. This has been the interpretation of anarchism by many self-proclaimed anarchists—in the anti-nuclear movement, for example—and has been a principal cause of anarchism’s reputation as an anti-collective and impractical perspective.

One’s attitude towards coordinating structures inevitably surfaces in discussions of Solidarity. Where does coordination end and representation begin? Viewed from afar, my intuition is that Solidarity had a dual nature, coordinating and unifying people at the base, but also degenerating into a representative, union structure at the national leadership level.

It had aspects of both a repressive union apparatus and a “human community based on free association.” I specifically argued in the article that “the movement (not Solidarity) would have to assume political direction of the country” because I understand the important difference between revolutionary movements and the organizations which speak on their behalf. In practical terms, however, Solidarity involved so much of the population that in many ways it was the movement.

I’m sure most Poles saw it that way. Debates within Solidarity were debates of the movement, and the articulation of positions within the official organization were in many ways the articulation of different trends in the movement. In that light the view of Walesa, Rulewski, Kuron, et al, are important as expressions of different currents within the movement. I would have included views of “the rank and file” if I had access to them. But whether one quotes a Kuron, or an unknown, the process is still one of using a single voice, as a spokesperson, reflecting the views of various segments of the movement. I am not just interested in the number of strikes, or the severity of riots, but also want to hear the articulation of views and theories by the insurgents. This interest in conscious politics, and not just mass sociology (“the daily acts of the unchronicled millions”—Maple), may also be a difference I have with Maple and the Fifth Estate. Your paper at times assumes the contradictory position of being the articulator for the inarticulate, the formulists of the spontaneous event.

I myself am attracted to sweeping denunciations of every type of reform, and to the purity of anonymous, unarticulated, “unrecuperable” acts of violence against-the State, and to movements untainted by recognized organizations. But I am more convinced that the revolution leading to libertarian communism will be prefaced by struggles over reform, by the articulation of political positions by “rank and file” people and intellectuals, and by participation in mass organizations which will carry germs of both revolution and recuperation. Our analyses will have to sort through the value of the actual elements of a movement, and will have to draw conclusions regarding the movement’s options based on the actual specifics of the situation.

Rudy Perkins

E.B. Maple Responds: Your remarks regarding the nature of power, what constitutes representation, the revolutionary movement, the need for or lack of coordination, and what is salvageable from capital are the meat of a discussion on the content of a modern revolution. I feel at least slightly uncomfortable with each of your formulations, but let me comment only briefly on two points. A view of spontaneous revolution does not imply a lack of coordination, but rather a refusal to be directed along already pre-determined routes devised by a party, “leading comrades” or self-appointed spokespersons for the movement. All revolutionary mass activity throughout history has created its own forms of coordination and democracy (many times taking the form of revolutionary workers councils), but a lack of planning in advance for either the revolution or its forms has never seemed to me to be the core of the problem faced by revolutionaries. In fact, excessive concern with coordination (and I don’t necessarily attribute this to Rudy) is exactly what produces a formal or informal bureaucracy and is what has stifled so many revolutionary upsurges in the past (such as the role of the CNT in Spain).

As we have said so frequently in the past, the physical plant of capital is what shapes its social relations, so I am decidedly cool to suggestions on how to maintain or, even worse, the necessity of maintaining the machinery capital has produced. I enjoy the benefits of centralized electricity very much, but would under no circumstances, other than having a gun pointed at my head, agree to mine coal in order to generate it. I assume once the coercion of wage labor has been ended, others will feel similarly, and since I would not ask others to do what I would refuse, how then do we get our coal? I would still contend if workers are advocating “democratic” or “socialist” coal production, not much of an advance is being made.


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How to Increase or Decrease Your Paper’s Word Count

Updated on
November 15, 2022

How many times have you worked hard on a research paper or essay, felt confident in your argument, and decided you were ready to turn it in, only to notice that you’re still behind on the word count? Or perhaps you wrote too much, and now you’re struggling to find parts to cut.

How do you increase the word count without being redundant or reduce the word count without sacrificing your key arguments?

You take a deep breath and continue reading our suggestions on the best ways to increase or reduce word count without compromising the quality of your paper.

Give your writing extra polish
Grammarly helps you communicate confidently

What is word count?

Word count is what it sounds like—the number of words in a given writing sample or document..

Word counts exist for many reasons—print publications, for example, have them to ensure stories can fit in a defined space in a newspaper, magazine, or book.

But when it comes to research papers and essays, word counts are used to level the playing field: Each student has the same number of words to get their point across. A strong writer can do this without using unnecessary words to reach the minimum word count, while also avoiding rambling and exceeding the maximum word count.

One of the biggest reasons some students run into problems with word count requirements is that they may be too focused on it. The writer can become more focused on the number of words than on getting their point across clearly and concisely.

Your main priority is making sure your argument and writing are strong, and you may find that reaching your word count is made easier by doing just that.

7 ways to reduce word count

When trying to reduce word count it’s important to use a scalpel and not an axe—meaning you don’t want to delete large portions of your paper to ensure you’re below the maximum word count. Instead, you want to find small but significant ways to bring down your word count.

1 Look for redundancies in your argument

Look to see if you’ve repeated any information in your paper, and delete any redundant points.

If your paper has to do with climate change and you mention the rate at which the polar ice caps are melting twice, delete the second mention (unless it’s related to a separate point you’re trying to make). If you find yourself reiterating the same point in slightly different language, choose the one that is written more clearly and eliminate the other.

2 Eliminate unnecessary or ancillary information

Find any details that don’t serve your argument and delete them. For example, if you’re writing a paper about George Washington’s policy positions, you don’t need to mention his personal life unless it directly impacted his political career.

3 Get to the point

The best arguments are clear and direct, and your paper should strive to be the same.

We could’ve built up that last sentence by talking about the different styles of communication or the pros and cons of being direct, but instead, we got to the point.

Trying to build up your argument not only adds more words but may also weaken it, especially if you’re using unnecessary words.

4 Delete the and that

We often use the while speaking, but in writing, there are times when the can be removed without changing your sentence’s meaning.

That is another common word we use, which may be unnecessary in some sentences. An example is in the sentence you just read—the writer instinctively put that before we and then realized it was unnecessary.

  • Original: We knew that he was active in the 1960s and the 1970s.
  • Edited: We knew he was active in the 1960s and 1970s.

5 Eliminate unnecessary prepositional phrases

This is yet another example of separating how we speak from how we should write. Too many prepositional phrases can be a sign of excessive wording.

  • Original: For many people, the reality of an entry into a new area of employment is cause for a host of anxieties.
  • Edited: Changing careers makes many people anxious.

Getting rid of the prepositional phrases forces you to tighten up the sentence. The result is shorter, more direct, and easier to understand.

6 Use an active voice

Writing that utilizes an active voice tends to use fewer words than writing that uses a passive voice. Let’s show you what we mean:

  • Active voice: Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press in 1440.
  • Passive voice: The printing press was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in 1440.

Writing with an active voice not only helps reduce your word count but can also help you communicate your argument in a more effective and clear way than using a passive voice.

7 Avoid unnecessary adverbs and adjectives

Adverbs and adjectives add extra words to your paper, and depending on their usage they may weaken or not add any value to your argument.

  • Original: Thomas Jefferson’s entire presidency was undoubtedly controversial.
  • Edited: Thomas Jefferson’s presidency was controversial.

6 ways to increase word count

The word count may make up a significant part of your paper’s grade, but your final mark will likely rest on how well you write and the clarity of your argument.

For that reason, you don’t want to use more words merely to reach your word count even though using more words is an easy way to reach the word count.

That last sentence is a perfect example of what not to do. Here are some ways to extend your word count without resorting to adding unnecessary words.

1 Investigate the paper’s topic more thoroughly

Read through your paper and see if there are ways in which you can further discuss your topic without adding redundant or unnecessary information. Two ways you can accomplish this are:

  • Providing statistics: If applicable, use data from a reliable source to back up your argument. This could be a poll or a scientific study.
  • Discussing your topic’s history: Whether you’re writing about politics or philosophy, it might be a good idea to write about your topic’s origins and how that subject has evolved over time.

2 Explore all angles of your paper’s thesis

Check to see if you’ve explored all angles of your thesis statement, which will not only increase your word count but will likely strengthen your argument as well. For example, if you wrote a paper on why people should exercise but only discussed physical health reasons, you could also discuss its psychological and economic impacts.

3 Include alternative points of view

Introducing alternative points of view can help increase your word count and show that you’ve thoroughly researched the topic.

For example, if you’re writing about capitalism, you could also discuss Karl Marx’s critiques of the economic system.

4 Flesh out thin body paragraphs

It’s important to note that you can flesh out thin body paragraphs without introducing redundant or unnecessary information. Instead, you’ll want to write detailed sentences to support your topic sentence, which can be accomplished by introducing facts, quotes, examples, or anecdotes backing up your point.

  • Original: Fight Club deals with the theme of consumerism, such as when the main character criticizes people’s desire to buy new things.
  • Edited: Fight Club deals with the theme of consumerism, such as when the main character criticizes people’s desire to buy new things. “Advertising has these people chasing cars and clothes they don’t need,” he says.

5 Find another primary or secondary source to include in your writing

Including additional primary and secondary sources is yet another tactic that can increase your word count and give your argument more legitimacy.

As a reminder, primary sources are anything that provides a firsthand account of an event (autobiographies or diaries, photos, artifacts, or videos). Secondary sources are descriptions, interpretations, or analyses of such events (textbooks, research papers, or documentaries).

6 Expand quotes

Writers will often paraphrase quotes in an effort to keep their argument concise, but there are times when you can expand on them to increase your word count and further illustrate a point.

Let’s revisit the Fight Club quote we used just a bit ago. If we wanted to expand the quote, we could’ve included the main character’s next sentence, which is, “Generations have been working in jobs they hate, just so they can buy what they don’t really need.”

When expanding quotes, it’s important that they add value to your argument. If the next part of that quote dealt with soap making instead of consumerism, it would not have been a good idea to include it.

Word count FAQs

What is word count?

Word count is the number of words in a writing sample. Word counts are used for many reasons, but in research papers and essays they’re used to level the playing field: Each student has the same number of words to get their point across.

How do you decrease word count?

  • Delete unnecessary words, such as “that” and “the”
  • Erase unneeded adverbs and adjectives
  • Eliminate redundancies
  • Use an active voice
  • Remove unnecessary information

How do you increase word count?

  • Investigate all angles of your topic
  • Explore your topic in more depth
  • Include alternative points of view
  • Flesh out thin body paragraphs
  • Find additional primary and secondary sources
  • Expand quotes
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ESG Hero Category - GRC Initiative

This award will recognise a GRC initiative that has made a significant contribution to a company’s ESG programme or goals.

Judges will look for an ingenious GRC initiative that has demonstrably produced ESG results, such as cutting carbon emissions, increasing sustainability or improving social diversity within the organisation.


A Blockchain-Based Robotic Process Automation Mechanism in Educational Setting

A Blockchain-Based Robotic Process Automation Mechanism in Educational Setting

Nhlanhla Andrew Sibanyoni (University of Johannesburg, South Africa)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-6650-3.ch002
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Blockchain technology and robotic process automation are increasingly the focus of attention in research, as these are both used successfully in business, marketing, manufacturing, and finance. However, their application in educational contexts is still emerging. This chapter uses an illustrative example of an online school registration system to explore how a blockchain-based robotic process automation mechanism can resolve the inherent challenges. The proposed system allows parents to register their Grade 1 and Grade 8 children for their school of choice. There is competition for places in certain schools and a history of unfair allocation of educational resources; hence, there is mistrust. To counter this threat, this study proposes a blockchain-based robotic automation process mechanism to fairly and transparently allocate educational resources. It recommends that further design science research be conducted in which the blockchain is supplemented by additional technological processes to enhance data-sharing in educational settings.
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Parents are encouraged to register their children through the online system as depicted in Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Current Illustration of Online School Registration System Process

As part of the process, copies of certified documents, such as a birth certificate, identification document, school report cards from previous grades, and proof of residence, must be attached. The system also requires parents to ‘take a picture of the registration process’ as proof of registration and to submit hard copies of the documents submitted to the school on the same day (Gauteng Province, 2020). This additional process (that appears on left of Figure 1) may be intended to verify information provided and hence to lessen deliberate submission of misinformation and to check that online data has not been tampered with (Arslan, Jurdak, Jelitto & Krishnamachari, 2019). Parents can use a variety of devices to access the system (cellphones, laptops, desktop computer; as shown at the top part of Figure 1). The system has an intensive period of data input (with a fixed start and end times).

Key Terms in this Chapter

Online School Registration System: An Internet system which provides for parents to electronically register their grade 1 and grade 8 children in a South African school. It is an e-service or e-government implemented by the Gauteng department of education to allocate scarce educational resources.

Mechanism: It is a small part in a larger process or mechanical system to perform a specific function, in other words, a system of parts working together within a machine. Mechanism maybe an entire mechanical system.

E-Government: It is defined as the use of information communication and technology such as mobile devices, computers, and the internet to effectively and efficiently provide public or government services to citizens, businesses and other persons in a country.

Artificial Intelligence: This refers to machines that are programmed to simulate human intelligence, think like humans, and mimic their actions such as interpreting and detecting deviations in data, as well as problem-solving.

Swarm Robotics: This refers to how swarm robotics algorithms can be designed to solve problems by learning from natural systems like swarms of birds, mammals, bees, or fish. It refers to the collective behaviour that is either natural or artificial of decentralised coordinated systems.

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Japanese Culture

Visit a Japanese Village

Everything about Japanese culture can be traced back to its rural villages. Japanese language, behavior, rituals, and diet can be traced back to a small village tucked away in a remote mountain valley.

How can that be? Let’s look at one lesson from language.

One of the first words a foreigner learns when studying Japanese is “gaijin,” 外人　which means ‘outsider.’ The more polite and socially accepted version of this word is “gaikokujin,” 外国人　which means ‘person from a foreign country.’ The word “gaijin” is strongly connected to the important concepts of “uchi”　内 and “soto” 外　in Japanese.

The Unique History of Ito

Itō has been inhabited since the Jōmon period – roughly 13,000-300 B.C. This era coincides with the Stone Age. The hunter-gatherer Jōmon people are believed to have entered Japan via the Japan Sea and the northern archipelago. They occupied northeastern Japan, and Izu was at the far western boundaries of their range. Archaeological digs here in Itō have produced artifacts from that time including primitive tools and pottery.

Setsubun Day

Today is Setsubun in Japan. It is one of several very old traditions imported from Chinese culture and based on the lunar calendar.

In the West, spring is associated with the vernal equinox (March 21), and rituals in European countries generally take place in early April. In Japan, the beginning of February is seen as the start of a transition from winter to spring. It is a time when the seasonal responsibilities of numerous gods start to shift, and they get restless and move around. To prevent gods of bad luck from wandering into the house, people developed a protective ritual called mamemaki (mah-may-mah-kee) or bean sowing.

The Japanese Bath – お風呂

The process of washing one’s body is kind of different here in Japan. So different that it needs some detailed explaining. Let’s start with a picture from Panasonic’s website (yes, Panasonic, the company that made those transistor radios way back then). They make just about everything for the Japanese domestic market.


Study Human Geography

What is human geography?

Geography is the study of the physical earth around us, from the earth and soil right up to the atmosphere and its chemical composition. A field with diverse applications, geography is often grouped with the sciences and the humanities.

Human geography is a subset of the broader geographic field and specifically concerns the way humans interact with their environments. While the physical environment is a core focus, human geography also considers social, economic and political environments and how these holistically contribute to the way humans engage with the world around them.

Geography is highly applicable to those who wish to understand humanity, and our place within the world. The field considers the connections between people and place, and the factors that can strengthen or weaken these bonds.

Analytical reasoning is central to the study of geography. Geographers identify and examine patterns of behaviour and account for them. They investigate changes experienced by the natural and built environments and provide insights into potential future issues. Geographers are also increasingly being called upon to propose solutions to large scale social and environmental problems, such as climate change, food scarcity and urban planning.

Creativity and problem-solving are also key skills for geographers. Human-generated problems are complex and often require multi-stage solutions. An ability to produce new and original ideas to wide-ranging issues will serve you well within geographical roles.

Sustainability is another growing area of focus in geography. As the world grapples with the environmental, political, economic and cultural challenges of climate change, geographers are at the forefront of the conversation. Geographers consider how patterns of behaviour can be adapted to ensure a more sustainable, environmentally positive lifestyle. Innovations in this field will go on to shape the way we live and interact with the world into the future.

Discover JCU's
Bachelor of Arts

Learn to think creatively, analyse effectively, and build the cross-cultural communication skills necessary to work in today’s modern society through studying Human Geography within the Bachelor of Arts.

What does a human geographer do?

Geographical knowledge is called upon in a variety of roles, as it draws on multiple in-demand skills.

Working as a geographer, you may find yourself working for a government department, assessing and responding to natural hazards. In a sprawling country such as Australia, you may gain experience planning responses to hazards including floods, fires, cyclones and storms. Your knowledge of natural environments could help prevent damage to human lives and property, and the plans you generate could help regions bounce back sooner.

You may find yourself working within urban planning, ensuring we are ready for the needs of tomorrow’s populations. As a geographer, your understanding of the various ways in which individuals and groups engage with environments will assist you in designing effective and environmentally positive spaces and housing. Complex reasoning skills will empower you to communicate your ideas effectively and engage with various stakeholders.

Geographers also frequently work with data. Whether you are working in government or private enterprise, skills in interpreting statistical data will be highly regarded. Your findings could be used to plan future policy or programs, or influence the creation of more sustainable consumer products.

There are also opportunities for geographers to work on the ground with remote or Indigenous communities. Here, you will draw on your interpersonal and communication skills to conduct research and gain new insights into traditional connections to the land, as well as understanding methods of environmental protection and conservation.

You may also choose to dedicate yourself to geographical education and communication. As we strive to engage more sustainably with our planet, individuals and groups of all ages seek additional education on environmental processes and planning. Whether you share your knowledge in a classroom, a boardroom or through the media, you will be contributing to an increased societal understanding of the world around you.

What jobs are there in geography?

Issues relating to human engagement with the environment are widespread and diverse, meaning you’ll have a range of options when looking for geography-focused roles.

Studying geography at JCU gives you unique, hands-on skills that can take you anywhere within Australia or across the world. You may find yourself working for a government organisation, a not-for profit company or a multinational corporation.

JCU graduates emerge with advanced reasoning and problem-solving skills, making them attractive to a variety of employers. Your knowledge base and experience will set you apart from the crowd.

With a JCU Bachelor of Arts, majoring in Human Geography, you may work in roles such as:

  • Environmental consultant
  • Statistician
  • Social researcher
  • Data analyst
  • Planning and development coordinator
  • Surveyor
  • Logistics manager
  • Property assessment and real estate
  • Town planner
  • Environmental rights advocate.
Town planning map
People discussing ideas

Why study Human Geography at JCU?

Twenty-first century geographers require advanced analytical reasoning skills, strong interpersonal capabilities, the confidence to make influential decisions, and the creativity to respond to modern problems.

JCU students develop these skills on the job, engaging in practical learning within North Queensland’s richest and most diverse environments, including the World Heritage-listed Great Barrier Reef and the Daintree Rainforest. You will learn to use geographic information systems to understand complex environments and assess the impacts of your proposals on both society and the natural world.

JCU’s world-class lecturers have industry experience and can support you as you deepen your knowledge and expand your skillset. You’ll study within a small, supportive classroom environment, giving you more opportunities for personalised learning.

As you complete your Bachelor of Arts, majoring in Human Geography, you’ll have the opportunity to seek out practical work placements with industry partners. Take advantage of these networks to ensure you are job-ready when you graduate.

Due to the hands-on nature of the subject, Human Geography can only be studied on campus at JCU Townsville or JCU Cairns. You’ll benefit from practical learning and fieldwork across your degree and emerge ready to help tackle the challenges of tomorrow.

Transferable skills Expand employability opportunities through elevated thinking
Be the solution Become a critical thinker
Think global Develop a cross-cultural understanding of your field to enhance your career
Rosita Henry.

Professor Rosita Henry

Professional Chair, CASE

College of Arts, Society and Education

“For anyone who wants to prepare for the future, the Bachelor of Arts allows you to broaden yourself and develop understandings to deal with challenging questions facing humanity. You can tailor your degree in line with your interests. The Bachelor of Arts has the range and flexibility for you to be all you can be.”

Discover Human Geography at JCU

Learn more, explore your options.


Last week we talked about the effects of quiet stress and how it slowly erodes our health. Forty-eight percent of adults say the reason they hide their stress is so not to worry family or friends, but the number of Americans reporting anxiety is triple the number from last year. Our health expert, Karen Owoc, is back with tips on how to manage some of the not-so-obvious symptoms of stress.

What Is ‘Quiet Stress’?

People under quiet stress will underreact vs. overreact to situations, and there’s a down side to keeping these stressful feelings hidden.

There are no loud outbursts, no visible expressions of anger, and no signs of tension.

Quiet stress may sound benign, but it can be the source of many ailments that you may not readily associate with stress.

The Effects of Quiet Stress

If stress is chronic, it can quietly erode your health. Here are some of the quiet signs of stress.

  1. Back Pain

When people experience back pain, they often instinctively assume it’s due to something they did (e.g., exercised improperly, carried or moved something too heavy) or to poor posture.

Under stress, your breathing rate may change and cause more tension. When your shoulders, upper back, neck, and jaw tense up, the tension will radiate throughout the full length of your back muscles and spine.

Stress-related back pain is as serious and debilitating as back pain from an injury — especially is it lingers.

The Fixes:

1) Practice Five-Finger Breathing. [DEMO] This works better than just deep breathing because you engage multiple senses at the same time, which can be effective at crowding out the worrying thoughts.

2) Stretch slowly to elongate the tense, shortened muscles on a daily basis.

NOTE: Back pain can also be a sign of a heart attack or an impending heart attack. If you are suffering from back pain, and it’s not the result of an injury, then evaluate your level of stress, and see your doctor.

  1. Loss of Appetite

Being stressed can have two opposing effects. It can intensify your drive to eat due to the high levels of cortisol circulating in your bloodstream.

On the flip side, when you’re under stress, you may not feel as hungry because you’re preoccupied with pressing issues, which distract you from the need to eat.

If this continues, a malnourished body will threaten your immune system.

Your body will not be able to function properly with insufficient calories and nutrient-deficient food.

The Fix: Realize how important it is to eat, and if necessary, set alarms to remind yourself to eat AND drink at regular times of the day.

Even a simple meal can make a tremendous difference and can keep your energy levels and your mood elevated.

  1. Getting Sick More Often

Did you ever notice you get colds more often than others?

According to an analysis of 27 studies, you’re more susceptible to catching a cold when under psychological stress.

An underlying cause of the common cold is cortisol. Excess cortisol depresses your immune system making it more vulnerable to viruses.

The Fix: Incorporate some stress-relieving practices into your routine — massage, acupuncture, meditation — anything that makes you to SLOW down your breathing and slow down your pace.

The Takeaway: Address the stress. You can incorporate these “fixes”, but for long-lasting effects, try to resolve the source of the stress.

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Health Effects of Mold & Other Airborne Contaminants

Health Effects of Mold

In addition, in 2004 the IOM found sufficient evidence to link exposure to damp indoor environments in general to upper respiratory tract symptoms, cough, and wheeze in otherwise healthy people and with asthma symptoms in people with asthma. The IOM also found limited or suggestive evidence linking exposure to damp indoor environments in general to shortness of breath, to respiratory illness in otherwise healthy children and to potential development of asthma in susceptible individuals. In 2009, the World Health Organization issued additional guidance, the WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality: Dampness and Mould[PDF – 2.52 MB]. Other recent studies have suggested a potential link of early mold exposure to development of asthma in some children, particularly among children who may be genetically susceptible to asthma development, and that selected interventions that improve housing conditions can reduce morbidity from asthma and respiratory allergies, but more research is needed in this regard.

Health Effects of VOCs
Most people don’t give this topic much thought until VOC related symptoms seem to not go away and doctors give a diagnosis like “Most likely environmental” your environment is where you spend your time. Unless you live in a tepee or tree fort this primarily means your home. Some of the health effect of VOCs on humans is eye, nose, and throat irritation; headaches, loss of coordination, nausea; damage to liver, kidney, and central nervous system. Some VOCs from testing are known to cause cancer in animals and are suspected or known to cause cancer in humans.

Key signs or symptoms associated with exposure to VOCs include conjunctival irritation, nose and throat discomfort, headache, allergic skin reaction, dyspnea, declines in serum cholinesterase levels, nausea, emesis, epistaxis, fatigue, dizziness. Volatile organic compounds appear also to be significant risk factors for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Varying Effects of VOC’s
The ability of organic chemicals to cause health effects varies greatly from those that are highly toxic, to those with no known health effect. Some have a strong smell and some no smell at all. The extent of health effects of VOCs on humans will depend on many factors including level of exposure and length of time exposed and where they are exposed i.e. floors, bed mattresses, play toys etc.

Eye and respiratory tract irritation, headaches, dizziness, visual disorders, and memory impairment, unconsciousness and death are among the immediate symptoms that some people have experienced soon after exposure to high levels of VOC’s. When I was young and stupid, I was doing some wood repairs using high VOC contact cement (no longer sold) working in a basement, the fumes were pretty strong, after about 15 minutes I felt light headed and started up the stairs for some fresh air, I staggered and almost collapsed, was close to loosing consciousness and barely made it up the stairs.

Strong Evidence Linking VOCs to Asthma and COPD
Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood in the developed world and its prevalence appears to have increased significantly over the past 30 years. Observations indicate that the rising prevalence has coincided with modifications to the home environment such as the introduction of soft furniture, fitted carpets, air conditioning, and central heating. The indoor environment should be of crucial importance since infants  and elderly often spend more than 80% of their time indoors at home. The newer the home and the more insulated and air sealed the home is the greater the concern because the VOC’s are effectively trapped inside.

At present, not much is known about at what levels health effects of VOCs on humans occur. Many organic compounds are known to cause cancer in animals; some are suspected of causing, or are known to cause, cancer in humans. To better understand the links from VOCs to asthma and COPD, doctors are using a new type of testing in which they measure the VOCs exhaled from patients lungs. This tells them what VOCs are present and at what levels in their bodies to help diagnose or determine the cause of asthma and COPD.

Health Effects of Allergens

Allergies are exaggerated immune responses to environmental triggers known as allergens. Allergies are very common, and about 50 million people in North America suffer from allergies. One of the most common forms of allergy is allergic rhinitis ("hay fever"), which produces symptoms like nasal congestion, itchy and watery eyes, sneezing, stuffy or runny nose, scratchy or sore throat, throat clearing, cough from postnasal drip.

The symptoms of hay fever can, in turn, lead to fatigue and lethargy. Other types of allergic reactions can involve the skin (hives and itching). Anaphylactic shock is a severe form of allergic reaction that can be life-threatening. In anaphylactic shock, there is swelling of the throat and difficulty breathing. Asthma is also related to allergies in many cases.

The symptoms of allergies can sometimes resemble those of other conditions. The common cold and the flu can cause respiratory symptoms similar to allergies. Typically, allergy symptoms are associated with a specific time of year or exposure to an allergen.

Health Effects of Bacteria

Certain types of bacteria can cause diseases, such as, typhoid fever, syphilis, cholera, tuberculosis and foodborne illnesses. Antibiotics are used to kill harmful bacteria and the diseases they cause.

Fecal coliform are bacteria that can cause hepatitis, dysentery, cholera, ear infection and typhoid fever, according to the North Dakota Department of Health. The bacteria are commonly found in natural bodies of water, but also in buildings where water intrusion has occured, such as toilet back ups, sewage back ups, floods, etc. Indoor mold and bacteria pose health risks. As they grow indoors, mold and bacteria produce spores and/or chemical compounds into the air. The health effects associated with these spores (see picture on the right) and chemicals may include runny nose, eye irritation, cough, congestion, aggravation of asthma and respiratory problems, headache, flu-like symptoms, fatigue, and skin rash and other allergic reactions.


Brain Fog Is Real, And The Pandemic Is Making It Worse

Originally Published:
Peathegee Inc/Getty

I have been suffering from Mom Brain for a while now. I forget where I put my keys, leave my phone in the refrigerator, and can’t remember what I am looking for quite often. And I think that these are normal everyday occurrences that most moms deal with. But over the last four or five months, my brain fog has reached disturbing levels and I think the pandemic is making it worse.

Since the summer, focusing on tasks like reading and writing have become significantly challenging. I also seem to have lost any ability to recall what I was thinking if I am sidetracked by anything at all. I thought that maybe virtual schooling my four kids was to blame. It is extremely difficult to focus on a work project when every 15 minutes a kid needs help with school work, I have to fix a technical issue on a school app, or someone is having a meltdown over an assignment. But when we went on break from school, I still couldn’t get my brain to work.

It takes me twice as long to complete tasks because I just can’t focus. It feels like I can’t seem to react fast enough to follow through on my thoughts. And writing or formulating a thought feels like my brain is wading through some kind of mental quicksand. As a writer, this is a working hazard.

But that’s not all. I could never seem to remember what day it is and I would mix up my kids’ school schedules at least twice a week. There have been a few times when I was driving somewhere and completely forgot where I was going. I once poured dog food into my salad instead of the dog dish right in front of me. I also put an entire dish of fudge in the washing machine instead of in the refrigerator. And yes, I cried over that waste of perfectly good chocolate.

The combination of all of this made me worry that something was really wrong. I couldn’t tell if I was losing my mind, going through early menopause, or actually having a medical issue. I talked to my therapist, my gynecologist and my naturopathic doctor to find answers. But it turns out, I was experiencing pandemic brain fog… and I am not the only one.

Evidently, the chronic stress of this never ending pandemic is taking a toll on all of us. Trying to stay on top of work, running a home, virtual schooling kids while still processing the mental load that comes along with this pandemic has broken our brains. You can call it pandemic brain fog, brain fatigue or quarantine brain, but apparently the inability to think clearly is a very normal response to a not-so-normal situation.

According to an article by the BBC, some psychologists believe that Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) can explain why people seem to be experiencing brain fog during the pandemic. CLT was first developed by the Australian educational psychologist John Sweller. It identifies our minds as information processing systems.

The theory is based on the idea that the brain processes information through both working memory and long-term memory. Working memory processes new information and long-term memory processes all the things we already know. Apparently you can process large amounts of stored information because you are able to fall back on autopilot. However, your working memory is only capable of processing small amounts of new information.

In other words, all the changes brought on by this pandemic have caused an overload of new information, making our brains unable to access the autopilot mode that we moms depend on. And our limited working memory is at capacity. Oh, and did I mention that increased stress and anxiety even further limits your working memory capacity?

Psychotherapist Stacy Kaiser explained things on an even more medical level. She shared that when you are stressed your body releases the hormone cortisol. She stated that, “Cortisol is the stress hormone that allows us to rise and handle difficult situations. But too much cortisol for a long period of time can cause brain fog and other issues.”

So, no, you are not losing your mind. Basically, your executive function circuits are burnt out and not functioning properly. And as a matter of survival, your brain is shutting down. It’s kind of your brain’s way of practicing self-care.

So what can you do to combat pandemic brain fog?

As a trauma specialist, Stacy Kaiser shares that practicing self-care during these unprecedented times is paramount. She expresses that it is important to get rest and take the time to nurture your body and mind. And when you feel the onset of brain fog, don’t be afraid to step away and take a break.

She also expressed that it is really important to set a routine for yourself and your family. Taking the time to get more structured and organized will help you spend much less time having to figure things out in the moment. And also take note if there is any person, place or situation triggering brain fog and deal with the underlying situation.

On the whole, this pandemic has brought about some pretty drastic changes to people’s everyday lives. Our normal daily routines were completely disrupted, we have been isolated from friends and family, and parenting duties doubled overnight. So, it is really important to acknowledge any pandemic brain fog you may be feeling and take steps to prioritize your mental and emotional wellbeing. That way you won’t completely lose it during these crazy times.

This article was originally published on


SAFAR Sikh Feminists To Hold Historic Toronto Meet

1947-2014 (Archived)
Jun 17, 2004
Moderators, do not remove contact information. Thanks.

by Sunil Rao

Tired of their "less than equal" status, Sikh women are gathering in Toronto this weekend to hold the first ever Sikh Feminist Conference.

The event, titled Safar (or Our Journeys), is being held Saturday, Oct 1, 8am-6.30pm, at the University of Toronto's Ontario Institute for Studies In Education (at 252 Bloor St W; for details and to register visit

Focus contacted Sikh Feminist Research Institute's executive director Tarnjit Kaur Johal. Excerpts:

What is Safar looking for, and what do you hope the event will achieve?

When facing the present day reality, in both the Diaspora (in Canada, US, the UK, etc) and in Punjab, Sikh women, especially of Punjabi origin, continue to be treated as less than equal.

As data from StatsCan shows, sex ratios in areas of high Punjabi-Sikh Canadian populations are skewed; there is anecdotal evidence of honour killings; there's also violence against women, etc.

At Safar we want to reconnect with a feminism that pre-dates the western ideas of feminism. By connecting to our own historical narratives women can be empowered and face their daily realities from a position of power.

How will Safar do this?

Let me give you one example: One of the speakers at the conference, Deep Singh (from UCLA), is going to present a paper about a rarely discussed Sikh text, Param Marg Granth (also Prem Sumarg Granth). In this text, written in the early 1700s, women are given equal inheritance rights, widows are allowed to remarry, women are referred to as 'Khalsa Ji', just as GurSikh men... in every aspect of their existence women are considered equal to men. This contrasts so much with life in the 21st century!

How does Safar view men?Â

Funnily enough in the conference we are not looking at men per se. We recognize the origins of inequities due to gender, caste and class have complex causes; it is these structural causes we wish to explore, understand and begin to dismantle.

What is the scope of this event?

We are expecting 31 presenters from the US, Canada and the UK, many from Ivy League universities, scholars who are leaders in their fields and community activists. Safar has attracted wide community interest, with the range of participants likey to embrace every facet of society today.


Article ID : 00032830 / Last Modified : 07/23/2019Print

The recording deck displays DIN UNLOCK and does not record.

    The DIN UNLOCK error message indicates that the recorder is set to record from a digital source and is not receiving a digital input signal. Verify that the source is connected to the digital input of the deck. If connected through an analog connection, press the INPUT button until ANALOG appears in the display.


جام جهانی 2022 قطر

France Engulfed in Protests on 2nd Month of National Strike (+Video)

TEHRAN (Tasnim) – Protesters took to the streets of Paris on Sunday as part of a nationwide multi-sector strike against the French government's pensions overhaul.

Caught in a faceoff with Macron and the French government, France’s railway and other public sector workers remain on strike for the fifth week in a row. The national strike, which began December 5 of last year, is the longest transportation strike in France’s history and the longest general strike since May 1968, when the entire economy was ground to a halt by students and workers in an all-out revolt against the government.

As the strike continues, union leaders are attempting to negotiate with the government, but France’s workers are determined to continue the strike until Macron scraps his plans to restructure the pension system, Truthout reported.

January 9 marked the third official day of coordinated national action since the strike began. Unsatisfied by a day of negotiation with the government on January 7, the country’s major transportation unions, SNCF and RATP, took to the streets once again.

They were joined by other major unions, including the CGT and CFDT, France’s two largest unions, and thousands of supporters and Yellow Vests. Workers in the healthcare, education, energy, and communications sectors also participated, and in a new development in the movement, private sector workers entered the struggle, including sanitation workers.

This opens the possibility for cross-industry participation that could reinvigorate the strike effort, significantly disrupt France’s economy, and finally pressure Macron to cave.

Macron’s retirement reform would completely overhaul the current system, consolidating France’s 42 industry-specific plans to a single, universal plan. Such changes would demolish the hard-won retirement benefits that many workers rely on. It would also raise the retirement age and decrease pension income, meaning that individuals would have to work longer for less pay and security. Such reforms would particularly affect workers who are employed in dangerous or physically-demanding jobs, like train operators, who have the advantage of an early retirement age. Under the new plan, some sectors of workers would be forced to work up to ten extra years before they could retire.

On December 5, workers in transportation, communications, oil, and education began a nationwide strike. Trains across the country were ground to a halt. Paris’s metro system was paralyzed. Schools were closed and students protested alongside their teachers. Flights were grounded and1.5 million people took to the streets across France to protest Macron’s austerity measures.

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Social Business (SB) Hatch
Your Impact is Our Goal!

Why SB Hatch?

Supporting young social entrepreneurs is core to Yunus Thailand’s mission to drive the social business movement in Thailand. Today’s youth face rapidly shifting contexts and global challenges from unemployment and poverty to climate change and Covid-19. Through entrepreneurship, challenges are turned into opportunities by way of learning, adapting, and effort. Combining the power of entrepreneurship with socially-driven missions, Social Businesses can be the engine that works towards a more prosperous, inclusive, and greener future. We believe that young people can be empowered to create a world without net-carbon emissions, unemployment, and poverty.

What is SB Hatch?

Run by Yunus Thailand with support of implementation partners including SEED, SB Hatch is a 6-month social business incubation program with the goal to empower young social entrepreneurs. An innovative program designed to meet the needs of its participants, SB Hatch ensures each participant receives the tailored support they need to build their social business and achieve their impact goals. The program includes technical, skill-building, and design-thinking workshops; networking and community building sessions; SB Hatch growth sessions; mentorship and coaching; provision of project management and business development tools; and free access to a co-working space.

Incubating Change

Through working closely with each cohort of young social business entrepreneurs, Yunus Thailand supports them to make their impact. Each entrepreneur becomes role models for future entrepreneurs, and the social businesses they create lead the way in solving critical social and environmental problems. Delivering local solutions to global challenges, social businesses that are incubated through SB Hatch have the potential to grow along with their impact.

Contact person: Pavini Sethi (email:, Pathit Ongvasith (email:


Chicken Wings

Makes 4-6 Servings

These chicken wings turn out crispy without needing to be fried. Easily doubled for larger gatherings, they are sure to impress.

Before You Start

Preparation Method

1. Preheat the oven to 220°C on Convection Mode with a rack on position 3.

2. While the oven is preheating, dry wings thoroughly with a paper towel and place in a large bowl.

3. Combine the baking powder and kosher salt together in a small bowl and sprinkle about 1⁄3 of the mixture over wings.

4. Toss the wings several times to ensure an even coating.

5. Continue adding the baking powder and kosher salt mixture 1⁄3 at a time, tossing the wings between each addition.

6. Check to see if the wings are evenly covered in the mixture — depending on the wings’ moisture content, you may not need to use the last third of the mixture.

7. Place the wings on a broiler pan and rack lined with aluminum foil, leaving some space between them.

8. You can also use a metal cooling rack placed on a baking tray lined with aluminum foil.

9. Place the wings into the oven and cook for 20 minutes.

10. After 20 minutes, remove the pan from the oven and flip the wings over.

11. Return the wings to the oven and cook for an additional 15 minutes.

12. Remove the wings from the oven and place in a large clean bowl.

13. Toss the wings with your favorite sauce if desired.

Products Used in this Recipe


Keeping a neat and healthier setting for your personal koi is very important. Excellent h2o quality is essential for these to prosper. Most often, people tend to neglect the most basic and simplest prerequisite in tending to wilderness carps. Expert pet breeders invest plenty of cash on installing the costliest and efficient filtration system to make sure that their ponds will be clear of microorganisms, waste materials along with other kinds of damaging elements. When normal water becomes contaminated it generates dangerous vitamins and minerals for koi fish. These minerals are often very fatal on their wellness and can even lead to dying.

ca koi f1

Chlorine is primarily applied as a form of remedy in the majority of h2o center. The liquid source that is used in residences as well as other establishments is frequently treated with it. It may not hurt humans but it is very poisonous to koi. Actually it is regarded as the deadliest mineral and should always be wiped out or neutralized. So prior to incorporating water for your pond, make sure it is without any chlorine. The grade of water is influenced by different components. The most frequent reason for the creation of contaminants is poor providing procedures. You ought to know that overfeeding can raise the degree of ammonia from the pond. Ammonia is really a by-product mostly produced from excreted fish feces. Its presence particularly in huge amounts may be dangerous to koi fish. Gathered ammonia can predispose your fish to get microbial infection and parasitic infestations.

Nitrites and nitrates are by-goods of the nitrogen pattern that is a normal occurring daily life procedure inside the pond. When current at greater degrees it may create health risks to your ca koi f1 fish. Nitrite is manufactured by the harmful bacteria named Nitrosamines which is responsible for deteriorating ammonia. Therefore steady keeping track of is recommended to ensure it really is within satisfactory ranges. Whenever possible, its stage studying must be held to. Nitrates alternatively are significantly less damaging in comparison with nitrites. It will be the closing item from the nitrogen routine in which nitrosomonas turns nitrite into nitrate. The actual existence of plants and flowers and algae might help preserve admissible nitrate ranges.

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Категория: Административный аппарат, казна, Медиа (96-104)

Конституция государства халифата;  Статья 103: СМИ — это аппарат, который несет ответственность за положение и осуществление информационной политики государства, которое служит интересам Ислама и мусульман как внутренне: для образования крепкого, приверженного Исламу общества, которое запрещает зло и творит благое, так и внешне: для представления Ислама в мирном и военном положении так, чтобы было явно его величие, слава, его справедливость, чтобы сила его войска была явной, и в то же время испорченность и тиранию нынешней системы, а так же трусость и слабость ее армии.

Article 103: The institution of the Media Office is responsible for drawing up and executing the political media strategy for the State in order to support the interests of Islam and the Muslims. Internally, it works to build an Islamic society that is strong and cohesive, and it refutes that which is malicious while confirming that which is good. In external affairs it is to promote Islam during peace and war, in a manner that explains the greatness of Islam, its justice and the strength of its army, and expose the corruption and oppression of manmade system and the weakness of its army.

 Media is one of the important matters for the call to Islam (Da’wah) and the State. It is not one of the interests of the people that are under the authority of the department of peoples’ affairs. Rather, it is directly connected to the Khalifah as an independent institution, just like any of the institutions of the State.

The presence of a distinguished media policy that presents Islam strongly and effectively would provoke the minds of the people to turn toward Islam, to study it and to think about it. It also facilitates the annexation of Islamic lands to the Khilafah State. Furthermore, there are many issues of media which are closely related to the State and they cannot be published without the Khalifah's instruction. This is manifested in the military matters and related issues, such as the movement of the armies, and the news of victory and defeat and the military industries. This type of news must be linked directly to the Imam so he can decide which news has to be concealed and which news must be announced and advertised.

The evidence for this is the Book and the Sunnah.

With regards to the Book, His (swt) saying:

((وَإِذَا جَاءَهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِنَ الْأَمْنِ أَوِ الْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُوا بِهِ وَلَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَإِلَى أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنْبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ))

And when there comes to them information about [public] security or fear, they spread it around. But if they had referred it back to the Messenger or to those of authority among them, then the ones who [can] draw correct conclusions from it would have known about it.” (TMQ 4:83) - the subject of the verse is the news.

With regards to the Sunnah it is the narration of Ibn ‘Abbas about the conquest of Makkah as is reported by Al-Hakim in Al-Mustadrak, described as authentic based on the condition of Muslim, and Al-Dhahabi confirmed that. The narration mentions:

«وَقَدْ عَمِيَتِ الأَخْـبَارُ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ، فَلاَ يَأْتِيهِمْ خَبَرُ رَسُولِ اللهِ  صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم وَلاَ يَدْرُونَ مَا هُوَ صَانِعٌ»

“The news was obscured from Quraysh; so the news of the Messenger of Allah  صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم would not reach them, and nor would they know what he is planning regarding them”. There is also the Mursal (narration not directly connected to the Messenger  صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم rather the name of a companion is missing) of Abu Salamah as reported by Ibn Abi Shaybah, which mentions: “Then the Prophet  صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم said to 'Aisha:

جَهِّزِينِي وَلاَ تُعْلِمِي بِذَلِكَ أَحَداً، ... ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِالطُّرُقِ فَحُبِسَتْ، فَعَمَّى عَلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ لاَ يَأْتِيهِمْ خَبَرٌ

‘Prepare me, and do not tell anyone about it…and then he commanded that the highways be obstructed, and so the people of Makkah were kept in the dark and no news reached them.’”

There is also the narration of Ka’b which is agreed upon regarding the Battle of Tabuk (the expedition of Hardship) which says:

«وَلَمْ يَكُنْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ  صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يُرِيدُ غَزْوَةً إِلا وَرَّى بِغَيْرِهَا، حَتَّى كَانَتْ تِلْكَ الْغَزْوَةُ غَزَاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ  صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فِي حَرٍّ شَدِيدٍ، وَاسْـتَقْبَلَ سَفَرًا بَعِيدًا وَمَفَازًا وَعَدُوًّا كَثِيرًا، فَجَلَّى لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ أَمْرَهُمْ لِيَتَأَهَّـبُوا أُهْـبَةَ غَزْوِهِمْ، فَأَخْـبَرَهُمْ بِوَجْهِهِ الَّذِي يُرِيدُ»

“The Messenger of Allah  صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم never intended an expedition without alluding to something else, until he made during a very hot weather, a distant place, a desert and a huge enemy. So, he explained to the Muslims their matter to be ready for their raid, and he thus informed them of the destination he wants.”

There is also the narration of Anas as reported by Al-Bukhari

«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ  صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم نَعَى زَيْدًا وَجَعْفَرًا وَابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ لِلنَّاسِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ خَبَرُهُمْ فَقَالَ: أَخَذَ الرَّايَةَ زَيْدٌ فَأُصِيبَ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ جَعْفَرٌ فَأُصِيبَ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ ابْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فَأُصِيبَ، وَعَيْـنَاهُ تَذْرِفَانِ، حَتَّى أَخَذَ سَيْفٌ مِنْ سُيُوفِ اللَّهِ حَـتَّى فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ»

The Prophet  صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم announced the death of Zayd, Ja'far and Ibn Ruwaha before the news of their death reached him. He said: Zayd took the flag but he was killed, then Ja'far took it and he was killed, then Ibn Ruwahah took it and he was killed; he said that while he was crying. Lastly one of the swords of Allah took it till Allah granted them victory.”

Some of the applications of this rule at the time of the Righteous Khulafaa’ is that which is narrated by Ibn Al-Mubarak in the subject of Jihad; Al-Hakim reported in Al-Mustadrak - and he considered it authentic based on the condition of Muslim, which Al-Dhahabi confirmed - from Zayd b. Aslam from his father from Umar b. Al-Khattab (ra) “that he was informed that ‘Abu ‘Ubaydah was surrounded and the enemy rallied against him. So, Umar wrote to him, ‘Peace is upon you. After that, there is not any difficulty that befalls a believer except Allah made for him a way out of it; and never a hardship would defeat two eases.’

((يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آَمَنُوا اصْبِرُوا وَصَابِرُوا وَرَابِطُوا وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ (200)))

O you who have believed, persevere and endure and remain stationed and fear Allah that you may be successful.” (TMQ 3:200)He said: Abu ‘Ubaydah wrote to him, “Peace is upon you, after that Allah says in His Book:

] ((اعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا لَعِبٌ وَلَهْوٌ وَزِينَةٌ وَتَفَاخُرٌ بَيْنَكُمْ وَتَكَاثُرٌ فِي الْأَمْوَالِ وَالْأَوْلَادِ))

Know that the life of this world is but amusement and diversion and adornment and boasting to one another and competition in increase of wealth and children .” (TMQ 57: 20).He said, then Umar went out holding his letter, sat on the pulpit and read it to the people of Madinah and said, “O people of Madinah! Abu ‘Ubaydah expresses to you that you should show interest in Jihad.”

There are other types of news which have no direct connection to the State, and do not require the direct opinion of the Khalifah, such as the daily news, the political, cultural, and scientific programmes, and the international affairs. Though these may interfere with the viewpoint of life in some parts, and with the view of the State towards international relations, but despite that the type of State control over them differs from the first type of news.

Accordingly the media institution must contain two main departments:

The first: Its task is related to news that has connection with the State, such as the military matters, the military industry and international relations, and so on.

The task of this department is the direct supervision of such news. So, such news is not broadcasted in the state media or the special sources of media except after their presentation to the institute of media.

The second: is related to other news; and its supervision of them is not direct. Both state and private media do not need any permission for presenting such news.


Extract selected geometry features and transfer them to a new part.

  1. To open the Extract tool:
    1. On the Geometry ribbon, next to Create, select .
      A dropdown menu appears.

    2. Select the Extract tool.

  2. Select a sketch, face, edge, or point.
    Note: Your first selection sets the selection filter. For example, if you select an edge, then your remaining selections must be edges.
  3. Select additional features to extract, based on your first selection.
  4. Optional: Click the icon in the microdialog to break the reference between the original part and the extracted part.
    Note: If you wish to restore the reference, you must click the icon before clicking Apply.
  5. Click Apply on the guide bar or microdialog to extract the selected features and create a new part.
  • Entities selected from the same original part will become a single new part, even if they are not contiguous.
  • Entities selected from different original parts will become separate new parts, even if the original entities were in contact with each other.


Michael Tatarski, journalist

For Esther Gutierrez, entering the accounting field was first and foremost a realistic decision.

‘I got into this career path for two things, the practicality and the stability,’ she says. ‘In the Philippines, we are a third-world country, and I’m not from a privileged family. Growing up, I had to work at a wet market with my family to scrape enough money together to survive the day.

‘Everyone at the market just scraped by to pay their bills’

It was her job from a young age to record her family’s daily sales on a piece of paper while deducting expenses such as meals or the prices they had paid for goods they sold.

‘We were selling empanadas and basic Filipino snacks that workers need to get on with their day,’ she recalls. ‘I remember my mother always talking about money with her friends because everyone at the market just scraped by to pay their bills.’

Ultimately, though, it helped her carve out a professional career.

‘I figured that every business would need someone to take note of all the transactions and make decisions that would catapult their growth,’ she says. ‘Accountants are very much needed in that most practical sense.’

She also wanted something stable and surmised that people would always need an accountant, especially in the Philippines where many business owners lack the skills to understand tax filings or whether their business is profitable.

Practical dreams

‘Even when I was little, I was thinking that I needed something that I could apply, that I could use, and something I could actually reach. If I had dreamed that I wanted to become an astronaut, I would not have had the tools to actually do so.’

After looking at LinkedIn profiles and job posts to figure out which role could eventually lead to a career in Europe or America, she realised that accounting could be a gateway to her future. ‘I found out that a lot of Filipinos working abroad are accountants,’ she says.

‘The moment I had ACCA next to my name, a lot of recruiters reached out to me’

Senior associate, PwC Denmark

Audit manager, KPMG Philippines

PwC Philippines, started as assurance associate then promoted to senior assurance associate

With one of her sisters already working in the medical field, she decided ‘to diversify our family portfolio and go into business on the accounting side. We were always thinking in practical terms, and that’s how I started my career.’

Entering the University of the East - Caloocan in 2013, she worked hard to win scholarships, and was active in business and debate competitions to help hone her skills.

‘I always loved the business case competitions because I believed those gave me an edge in getting into the Big Four.’ she says. ‘I thought they would provide me with the training I needed to be globally competitive.’

The long haul

After graduating with an accountancy degree in 2018, she was hired by PwC Philippines, where she began as an assurance associate. By 2020, she had worked her way up to senior assurance associate and was looking for a further career boost.

'When you start out in the field of public accounting, the balance between expenses and goals can be tricky. Everything had to come out of my pocket.' she says. When asked by her mother why she hadn't pursued a more high-paying position, she answered that the first three years weren’t about the money but about laying her career foundations. ‘I was in it for the long haul, and I wanted to build my portfolio and build my experience.’

Eager to demonstrate her ability to compete in the global market, the career boost she was looking for eventually came in the form of international certification. For years she set aside money to pursue the ACCA Qualification to give her the edge she was looking for. ‘Nobody in my firm actually knew I was pursuing ACCA.'

‘Getting my ACCA Qualification was the moment I proved to companies I had what they needed’

The ACCA edge

After she passed her ACCA exams in 2022, a major benefit quickly became apparent. ‘I no longer had to scour LinkedIn job openings,’ she laughs. ‘The moment I had ACCA next to my name, a lot of recruiters reached out to me independently. I can’t tell you how many messages I got for job openings in the US, Europe, and other parts of the world.

‘Getting my ACCA Qualification was the moment I proved to companies that I had what they needed. A lot of openings had ACCA listed. I no longer had to apply; instead, companies approached me, because it’s a hot market now.’

Gutierrez moved from PwC to KPMG Philippines in March 2022, and is currently settling into her new role in PwC Denmark as a senior associate in their top tier department, with a focus on Denmark's top companies.

Happy to help

Throughout the whole process, she embraced mentoring. ‘It started in college when I was a member of the Junior Philippine Institute of Accountants, which is for aspiring accountants,’ she explains. ‘Part of our programme was to mentor junior students, so trying to help out first- and second-year students.

‘This has carried over to ACCA, because I remember when I was starting out, I didn’t know anyone who was pursuing ACCA. I had to search social media platforms and reach out to people who were doing the same.'

‘I’m upskilling by learning programming languages and data visualisation’

She has found, though, that there are plenty of students in the Philippines interested in pursuing ACCA, and she is more than happy to help. ‘They need people to guide them, and I enjoy talking to students and saying, this is what you need to do.’

Filipinos looking to gain their ACCA Qualification now have greater choice in how they study, via a growing number of learning partners or ACCA-accredited universities. When Gutierrez embarked on her ACCA journey in January 2019, she had no option but to self-study, but she adds that student resources from the local ACCA office were invaluable along with the support of tuition provider First Intuition Learning Solutions (FILS), which she credits with helping her to get through the advanced tax exam.

Her move to PwC Denmark is a realisation of a long-held ambition that she believes will help future-proof her position in the industry. 'I believe my path will provide me with valuable professional growth and help balance out and nurture other aspects of my life.'


Regular Customer

Question 1

  1. From the first e-Activity, assess your satisfaction with the company you researched and make recommendations about how that company could modify its business-level strategy to both increase your overall level of satisfaction and to attract new customers. Provide specific examples to support your response.
  2. Analyze the five business-level strategies discussed in Chapter 4 to determine which strategy the company you researched most likely applies. Determine how your experience with that company might change if it switched to one of the other four strategies (your choice). Explain your rationale.

e-activity-Use the internet to research a company with which you regularly do business or are a regular customer. Focus on how that company relates to their customers. Be prepared to discuss. Use the internet to research Apple’s strategy for competing against other technology companies. Be prepared to discuss.

Question 2

In a 1-2 ppr, please complete the following:

  • Review the financial statements from the manufacturing company you chose in week one.
  • Discuss the importance of each type of budget (master, sales, production, direct materials, manufacturing overhead, sales and administrative).
  • Give 1-2 examples describing how each budget can assist the company in improving profitability for future periods.

Quality Guaranteed

Any Deadline

No Plagiarism


What is Whitelist

A whitelist could have different meanings depending on the setting in which the term is used. It is often used to refer to a directory of email addresses and some other identifying data of individual investors or companies who are interested in an initial coin offering (ICO) of a crypto project. Interested entities ask to be added to a project’s whitelist to make sure they receive relevant information and updates about the project.

When it comes to withdrawal addresses, a whitelist is used on crypto exchange to denote a list of secure addresses to which resources could be withdrawn to.

In a network security setting, a whitelist can also be utilized to refer to a list of authorized addresses that are permitted to connect to a network.

A whitelist is a directory of email addresses of individual investors or companies interested in a crypto project's ICO.

Related terms

Wrapped Ether (WETH) Volume Wei Wallet Virtual machine Verification code

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